评估国际化程度的概念上的问题【外文翻译】

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1、外文翻译原文Assessingthedegreeofinternationalization.SomeconceptualissuesMaterialSource:EIBAConference,2002Author:GraziaIetto-GilliesAbstract.Thepaperanalysesdifferentdimensionsofmeasuresofthedegreeofinternationalisationinthecontextofdifferentperspectivesoninternationali

2、sation.Thefollowingperspectivesoninternationalisationareconsideredinparticular:(a)thelevelofaggregationoftheeconomy;(b)theinternationalisationmode;and(c)thetypeofactivitybeinginternationalised.Asregardsmeasuringthedegreeofinternationalisationthefollowingdimensionsa

3、reconsideredrelevant:(i)theintensitylevelofinternationalisationinrelationtotheoverallsizeoftheactivityoreconomy;and(ii)thelevelofgeographicalextensityoftheinternationalactivities.Thepaperarguesthatthechoiceofspecificindicescruciallydependsonthetypeofeffectswewantto

4、assessand,inparticular,onthetheoreticalapproachwehaveregardingspecificeffects.Thelatterpointisarguedwiththeaidofexamples.1.IntroductionTheassessmentofdegreeofactualandpotentialinternationalisationhasbeenthesubjectofquiteafewpiecesofresearch(DunningandPearce,1981;Ie

5、tto-Gillies,1989,1998and2001;Sullivan,1994;UNCTAD,1995).Itseemsthereforeappropriatetoaskourselvesquestionsaboutthewayweassessthedegreeofinternationalisationandwhattheconceptualproblemsbehindsuchanassessmentare.Thisisanissuerelevantforfirmsinvolvedorwishingtobeinvol

6、vedintheinternationalisationoftheiractivitiesaswellasforpolicymakersoperatingatthelocal,regionalornationallevel.Onthelatterpointinparticular,weshouldnotethatpoliciesaredesignedwithaviewtotheeffectsoftheinternationalisationprocess.Morespecificallytheyaredesignedwith

7、aviewtoenhancethepositiveeffectsanddiscourage/eliminatethenegativeones.Thisnecessarilypresupposesthatweknowtheeffectsoftheinternationalisationprocesses.However,knowledgeoftheeffectspresupposesthatweunderstandthetheoreticallinkagesofcause/effectbehindtheprocessesand

8、thatweareinapositiontomakecomparisonsbetweendifferentstrategies,modes,countriesregionsortimes.Alltheseissueshaveabearingonourviewsonthespecificme