基于LEACH的WSN路由协议研究与改进

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1、西安科技大学硕士学位论文基TLEACH的WSN路由协议研究与改进姓名：张园园申请学位级别：硕士专业：通信与用信息系统指导教师：张红2011SubjectResearchandImprovementofClusteringAlgorithmsinWirelessSensorNetworksBasedonLEACHSpecialty:CommunicationandInformationSystemName:ZHANGYuan-yuan(Signature)Instructor：ZHANGHong(Signature)AB

2、STRACTWirelesssensornetworks(WSN)isappliedtomonitoring,sensing,collectingandprocessingtheinformationfromthemonitoredobjectsinrealtime.WSNhasawiderangeofapplicationssuchasmilitarycommunication,environmentmonitoringandindustrialproduction.Traditionalwirelessroutin

3、gprotocolsarenotsuitabletoWSNbecausetheWSNusuallyhasahighnodesdensityandtheenergy,computationcapacityandbandwidthofnodesareusuallyrestricted.DesigningaroutingprotocoltosaveenergyandprolongthelifetimeofnetworkeffectivelyisoneofthekeypointsfortheresearchofWSN.Them

4、ainworkofthisthesiscanbelistedasfollows:Firstly,severalcommonlyusedroutingprotocolsareevaluatedfromdifferentmeasurableindicators,thenthedisadvantagesandadvantagesofLEACH(LowEnergyadaptiveClusteringHierarchy)whichisthewidelyusedcluster-basedroutingprotocolareanal

5、yzed.Secondly,becausetheclusterheadschangefrequentlyandenergyefficiencyislowinLEACHprotocol,amodifiedprotocol,LEACH-EAC(LEACH-basedEnergyAwareclusteringmethod),isproposedtoprolongthenetwork'slifecycle・Therelationshipbetweenthenetwork'slifecycleandnode9senergyise

6、stablished,theupperboundandthelowerboundoftheclusterslifetimeisderivedandalessclusterheadrotationalgorithmisproposed.NumericalsimulationshowsthatLEACH-EACissuperiortoLEACHonstabilityandnetwork9slifecycle.Finally,theresearchissummedupandprospectsaremadeinthisthes

7、is.Keywords:WirelessSensorNetworkRoutingprotocolClusterLEACHThesis:TheoryResearch1绪论1绪论1.1课题背景近年来，随着微电子技术、计算机技术和无线通信技术的进步及发展，低功耗多功能的无线传感器节点器件得到快速的发展。无线传感器节点虽然体积小，却集成了信息采集、数据处理、无线通信等多种功能［1］。利用众多的传感器节点协同工作，就能组成一个功能强大的传感器网络，无线传感器网络综合了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理技术和无线通信网络技

8、术，能够协作地实吋监测、感知和采集各种环境或监测对象信息并进行处理，传送到需要的用户［2］。无线传感器网络将逻辑上的信息世界与客观上的物理世界融合在一起，改变了人类与自然界的交互方式。美国商业周刊和MIT技术评论分别将无线传感器网络列为21世纪最有影响的21项技术和改变世界的10大技术之一。与传统中心处理相比，无线传感器网络具有鲁