基础补充讲义

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1、TOEFL阅读词汇和构词法TOEFL阅读句型累积2.TOEFL阅读词汇和构词法3.2.1不同词性的标志后缀(1)名词的后缀：多表示抽象-hood身份资格状态等childhoodfalsehoodlikelihoodmanhood-ship情况状况性质等entrepreneurshipfriendshipleadershipmembershipscholarshipsponsorshipviewership-dom领域状况kingdomstardom-ryexpiryrivalry-tureadventurefeaturelectureinfrast

2、ructureprocedure-tyabilityactivityadversityauthoritycapacitycontinuitycommunitydiversityeligibi1ityfacuItyprioritypropertyquality/quantityvariety(2)形容词的后缀-able/-ibleadaptableavai1ableconsiderabledisposablepayableremarkablesusceptibletenableviablevulnerable-alartificialcommerci

3、alculturalempiricalenvironmentalgeneralmutualpersonalpotentialresidentialsubstantialtutorial-ary/-orycontradictoryimaginary-fulfearfulhopefulthankfuluseful(名词(量词):handfulmouthful)-ic/_icalacademichistorichistoricalpractical/theoretical-ishfoolishselfish-ivealternativeattractiv

4、econservativeexclusiveimpressivetalkativesensitive-lyfriendlymanly-ouscourteoushazardousglorious-yhairysilky-less表示反义meaninglesspilotlessrelentlessspeechless(2)副词的后缀-lyboldly-ward(s)表示方向afterward(s)backward(s)forward(s)landward-wise表示方式clockwisecounter-clockwise(3)动词的后缀-ateacc

5、ommodateaccumulateadvocateaffiliateaggravateappreciateassociatecommunicatecomplicateconcentratecooperatecultivatedesignatedictatedifferentiatedeliberatedelineatedeterioratedevastatedonateelevatediminatcemulatccvaluatccxaccrbatccxcavatcfacilitatcfluctuateformulatehesitatehydrat

6、eimplicateinstigateinsulateintegrateintimidateirritateisolatelocatemandatenegotiateorchestrateoriginateparticipateregulatereplicatepol1inateSimulatespeculatestagnatestimulatetcnninatctolcratcvalidatc^accurateappropriatecandidatedelicateimmediateintimateintricatemoderatepassion

7、ateultimate2.2词性转化的标志：词性转化后的意思一定和本义相似/有关(1)动词一名词后缀-ness-tion/-ionforgiveness抽象化/机构化cautioncommissionconfirmationconditionconversationdelegationdestinationeducationemissioneruptionexecutionextinctionfoundationinfectioninstitutionoccasionorgani7dtionpositionpossessionpresentatio

8、nrcccptionrecessionrccommcndationrcscrvationrestrietionsensat