宏观经济学总结MacroEconomic

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1、Multiplierthemultiplieristheamountbywhichequilibriumoutputchangeswhenautonomousaggregatedemandincreasesby1unit・乘数：外生变量每增加1美元引起的内生变量的增量。Liquiditytrapasituationinwhichthepublicisprepared,atagiveninterestrate.toholdwhateveramountofmoneyissupplied・流动性陷阱：由于货币需求的极端利率弹性而形成的水平的LM曲线Perf

2、ectcapitalmobilitycapitalisperfectlymobileinternationallywheninvestorscanpurchaseassetsinanycountrytheychoosequickly,withlowtransactioncostsandinunlimitedamounts・资本完全流动性：在资本完全流动的时候，资本有能力以最小的交易成本，在寻求最高收益过程中的跨国界立即流动。IScurvetheiscurveshowscombinationsofinterestratesandlevelsofoutp

3、utsuchthatplannedspendingequalsincome・IS曲线：实际利率和收入水平的所有结合点的几何表示，该线上计划支出等于收入。LMcurvetheLMcurveshowscombinationsofinterestratesandlevelsofoutputsuchthatmoneydemandequalsmoneysupply.LM曲线：实际利率和收入水平的所有结合点的几何表示，该线上货币需求等于货币供给。isthevalueofallfinalgoodsandservicesproducedinthecountrywit

4、hinagivenperiod・GDP：一年内，对一个国家范围内所产生的全部商品和服务的衡量。measuresthecostofbuyingafixedbasketofgoodsandservicesrepresentativeofthepurchasesofurbanconsumers・GDPdeflatoristheratioofnominalGDPinagivenyeartorealGDPofthatyear.GDP缩减指数：名义GDP被实际GDP除后的结果，它是对价格水平Aggregatesupplycurve（总供给曲线）describes

5、,foreachgivenpricelevel,thequantityoutputfirmsarewillingtosupply.Theaggregatedemandcurve(总需求曲线)showsthecombinationsofthepricelevelandlevelofoutputatwhichthegoodsandmoneymarketsaresimultaneouslyinequilibrium.Fiscalpolicy)(财政政策)isthepolicyofthegovernmentwithregardtothelevelofgove

6、rnmentpurchases,theleveloftransfersandthetaxstructure.Monetarypolicy(货币政策)isaccommodatingwhen,inthecourseofafiscalexpansion,themoneysupplyisincreasedinordertopreventinterestratesfromincreasing.Crowdingout(挤岀)occurswhenexpansionaryfiscalpolicycausesinterestratestorise,therebyred

7、ucingprivatespendingparticularlyinvestment・•Iftheinterestsensitivityofinvestment(b)goesup,thenwehavemorecrowdingout.•Iftheinterestsensitivityofmoneydemand(h)goesup,thenwehavelesscrowdingout.•Iftheincomeelasticityofmoneydemand(k)goesup,thenwehavemorecrowdingout.•Ifthemultiplier(

8、a)goesup,thenwehavemorecrowdingout.问答题：laAccordingtoEq