2019高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit4Earthquakes含解析新人教版必修1

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1、Earthquakes一、阅读理解。Wheneverweseeabutton,wewanttopressitbecauseweknowthatsomethingwillhappen.Thisistrueinmostcases,forexample,onadoorbell.Butsomebuttonsareactuallyfake(假的),likethe“close”buttononalift.Manypeopleareinthehabitofpressingthe“close”buttonbecausetheydon’thavethepatiencetowait.But

2、lifts’“close”buttonsareapletetrick,atleastintheU．S.—thedoorswillnotcloseanyfasternomatterhowhardyoupress.Itstartedinthe1990swhentheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActwaspassedintheU．S.,makingsurethatallliftsstayedopenlongenoughsothatpeoplewithdisabilitiescouldentersafely.Onlyrepairworkerscanuse

3、thebuttonstospeedupthedoorclosingprocessiftheyhavespecialkeys.Buttonormalliftriders,thebuttonsaren’tpletelyuseless.Accordingtopsychologists,fakebuttonscanactuallymakeyoufeelbetterbyofferingyouasenseofcontrol.“Asenseofcontrolisveryimportant.Itreducesstressandincreaseswellbeing，”saidEllenJ

4、．Langer,apsychologyprofessoratHarvardUniversity.Expertsalsoaddedthatalotofbuttonsthatdon’tdoanythingexistinourlivesforthissamepurpose.Forexample,pedestriancrosswalkbuttonsdon’tliveuptotheirnameseither.Pressingthemusedtohelpmakethetrafficsignalschangefaster,butthatwasbeforeputercontrolled

5、trafficsignalswereintroduced.Butpsychologistsfounditinterestingthatevenwhenpeopleareawareoftheselittle“whitelies”，theystillcontinuetopushfakebuttonsbecauseaslongasthedoorseventuallyclose,itisconsideredtobeworththeeffort.【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们平时生活中所见到的按钮可能是不起作用的。1．Whatistheauthor’spurpos

6、einwritingthetext?A．Todescribedifferentfakebuttons.B．Toexplorethefunctionsoffakebuttons.C．Toanalyzevarioushabitsofpushingbuttons.D．Toexplainthedisadvantagesoffakebuttons.B　解析：写作意图题。通读整篇文章可知，作者通过举例子介绍了不同地点的虚假按钮，其目的是探求这些虚假按钮的功能。故选B。2．Whatcanwelearnaboutthe“close”buttonsonaliftinAmerica?A．T

7、heyworkwhenpeoplepressthemhard.B．Theyweredesignedforasenseofcontrol.C．Theyneverspeedupthedoorclosingprocess.D．Theytakethesafetyofthedisabledintoaccount.D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句可知，美国电梯里的“关闭”按钮是为了确保残疾人能安全地通过。故选D。3．Whatcanweinferaboutpedestriancrosswalkbuttons?A．Theycanmakepeop