GMAT逻辑入门指导

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1、【逻辑入门】（一）Arguments2l」ntermediateConelusions4SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（三）MainPoint7IPromptforMainPoint7SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（四）Role（Boldface）11Commonpromptsforroleorboldface:11SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（五）Proceedby16CommonpromptsforProceedby:16SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（六）Weaken21SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（七）S

2、trengthenandParadox24SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（八）Assumptions25IPromptsforFlawquestions:29SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（十）Flaw（part2）334Commonflaws（continued）33SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（—）Parallelreasoning34IPromptforparallelreasoning:34SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（十二）Principles39llf-ThenStatements42SDCAR201

3、0【逻辑入门】（十四）FormalLogic（2）44lUnless44SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（十五）MoreonNegation46SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（十六）PracticequestionsonPrinciples47SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（十七）Whattodowhenyouarestuck?49【逻辑入门】（一）ArgumentslWhatisanargument?Anargumentinlogicisasetofoneormoremeaningfuldeclarativesent

4、ences(or"propositions")knownasthepremiseswithanothersentenceknownastheconclusion.Therefore,eachargumenthasatleasttwocomporients:1)apieceofevideneeorproposition,officiallycalleda“premise,”and2)aconclusion.Considerthefollowingtwostatements:1)MingLiissmart.2)MingL

5、iwenttoPekingUniversity.Eachstatementbyitselfissimplyaclaimoranassertion.Canyoucombinethemtogethertoformanargument?Oneanswermightbe:MingLiissmartbecausehewenttoPekingUniversity.Theredpartoftheansweristheconclusion;thebluepartoftheansweristhepremise.Thesecolorco

6、deswillbetheconventionIusetolabelpremiseandconclusionthroughouttheseries.Apremisesupportsaconclusion.Mostargumentarenotbullet-proof.Thatis:theevideneeprovideddoesnotPROVEtheconclusionreachedbeyondashadowofadoubt.Apremiseisjustanevidenee,onereasontoshedsomeposit

7、ivelightontheconclusion,onepieceofinformationwhichmakestheconelusionmorelikely.InCR,allpremisesgiveninthestimulusareconsideredtrue・Intheaboveexample,weshouldnotdoubtwhetherMingwenttoPekingUniversityornot.However,wecananalyzetheargumentbyfocusingonthelogicwhichc

8、onnectsthepremiseandtheconclusioninanargument.2IndicatorsHowtotellwhichstatementisapremiseoraconelusioninanargument?Aquickwayistofindindicatorssuchasbecause,since,for,as,con