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1、常见动词及动词短语的用法一,动词的基本形式1.第三人称单数形式2.过去式3.过去分词4.现在分词二、形状相似的动词的误用 这类动词的误用主要是由于其拼法相同或相似,词根同或在不规则变化中因某些相似而引起. 1.lie与lay的区别lie----lay----lain----lying躺lie----lied----lied----lying说谎lay----laid----laid----laying放，搁2.hang(悬挂)与hang(绞死,吊死)的区别hang----hung----hung----hanging悬挂hang---
2、-hanged----hanged----hanging绞死3.rise与raise rise----rose----risen(vi.)raise----raised----raised(vt.)4.experience(v.&n.经历n.经验)与experiment(n.&v.实验)5.loose(松开,解开)与lose(丢失)6.insiston(坚持)与stickto(坚持)7.effect(n.效果v.使有效)与affect(v.影响),effort三,动词与其它词因词形相似而引起的误用 常见的词有: accept----e
3、xpert----except----expect advise----advicepractise----practicebath----bathebreath----breathe choose----choice pass----passed----pastsucceed----success----successful----successfully四,常用动词的词义与搭配HAVE1.havesth.donehavesb.(sth.)doinghavesb.dohavesb.(sth.)done/doing…/do…在否定句中
4、have可表示"允许,忍受,容忍".e.g.We'llnothaveyoutellhimwhattodo.(不允许)Theycan'thavethatsortofthinghappening.(容忍)I'veneverhadanythingsaidagainsther.(不容忍) 2.表示"有"时带不定式做定语表"将来",带分词做定语表"正在进行" 【比较】Hehasalotofworktodo.(带to的不定式做定语,逻辑主语是句子主语,todo与work之间是动宾关系且不定式为及物动词或相当于及物动词(vi.+介)的主动式) I'
5、llgotothepostoffice;doyouhavealettertobeposted(post不是由句子主语执行,故用及物或相当于及物动词的被动式)MAKE句型:make+宾语,make+双宾语,make+宾语+名词,make+宾语+adj.,make+it+adj./n.+todosth./that-clause,makesb./sth.do,makesth./oneselfdone2.短语: makeanapologyto…;makeaface;makealiving;makeamistake;makeaspeech(作演
6、讲);makefriendswith;makefunof;makeroomfor;makeuseof;makethebestof(尽量利用,善用);makepreparationsfor;makesentenceswith;makerepairs;makegreat/rapidprogress;maketrouble(引起麻烦);makeone'sway(前进,行进);makeupone'smind;makeup(构成,弥补,虚构,打扮);makesure/certain;makeabed(铺床);makeadecision;make
7、adiscovery;makeajourney;makeaplanfor;makeaneffort(努力);makedifference(区别);makelaws(制订法律);maketea(沏茶);makearecord(录制唱片);makemoney;makeachoice(进行选择);makeasuggestion(提建议),makewar(开战)DO注意do和make:一般说来,"do"含有"进行某项活动"的意思,而"make"含有"造出新东西"的意思. dobusiness(做买卖),dosb.afavour,dosome/
8、much/mycooking,dowrong,dosb.good/harm/wrong(dogoodtosb.)(对……有益/有害/冤枉),dotheroom(整理房间),doawaywith(取消,废除),docopi
