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1、Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars【阅读理解插花】Themorehoursyoungchildrenspendinchildcare,themorelikelytheyaretoturnoutaggressiveanddisobedientbythetimetheyareinkindergarten,accordingtothelargeststudyofchildcareanddevelopmenteverconducted.Researcherssaidthiscorrelation(相关性)heldtruer
2、egardlessofwhetherthechildrencamefromrichorpoorhomes,werelookedafterbyarelativeoratacenter,andwhethertheyweregirlsorboys.Whatisuncertain,however,iswhetherthechildcareactuallycausestheproblemorwhetherchildrenlikelytoturnoutaggressivehappentobethosewhospendmorehoursinchildcare.I
3、talsoremainsunclearwhetherreducingtheamountoftimeinchildcarewillreducetheriskthatachildwillturnintoameanperson.What’smore,qualitychildcareisassociatedwithincreasedskillsinintellectualabilitysuchaslanguageandmemory,leadingsomeacademicstosuggestthatchildcareturnsoutchildrenwhoar
4、e“smartandnaughty”.Thegovernment-sponsoredresearch,whichhastrackedmorethan1,300childrenat10sitesacrossthecountrysince1991,isboundtocausethedebateoverchildcareagain:Howshouldpeoplebalanceworkandfamily?Andhowshouldparents,especiallymothers,resolvethedemandsthatareplacedonthemtob
5、ebothbreadwinnersandsupermoms?Thatdebatewasalreadyondisplayatanewbriefingyesterday,whereresearchersthemselveshaddifferentopinionsaboutthedataanditsimplications(含义).“Thereisaconstantrelationshipbetweentimeinchildcareandproblembehavior,especiallythoseinvolvingaggression,”saidJay
6、BelskyofBirkbeckCollegeinLondon,oneoftheleadinvestigatorsofthestudywhohaspreviouslyannoyedwomen’sgroupsbecauseofhiscriticismsofchildcare.“Onbehalfoffathersormothers?”interruptedSarahFriedman,adevelopmentalpsychologistattheNationalInstituteofChildHealthandHumanDevelopment(NICHD
7、)andoneoftheotherleadscientistsonthestudy.“Onbehalfofparentsandfamilies,”respondedBelsky.“NICHDisnotwillingtogetintopolicyremendations,”saidFriedman,contradictinghercolleague.“Thereareotherpossibilitiesthatcanbeentertained.Yesitisaquicksolution—morehoursinchildcareisassociated
8、withmoreproblems.Theeasysolutionistocutthenumberofhoursbuttha
