2019高考英语一轮基础自练题 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars（含解析）新人教版必修3

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1、Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars***阅读理解。ThereisapopularsayingintheEnglishlanguage：“Sticksandstonesmaybreakmybones，butwordswillneverhurtme.”Well，thatisnottrue.Unkindwords，namecallingoreventhesocalled“thesilenttreatment”canhurtchildrenasmuchasbeingphysically

2、hit，sometimesevenmoreso.Arecentstudyofmiddleschoolchildrenshowedthatverbal（言语的）abusebyotherchildrencanharmdevelopmentinthebrain.ThestudywasaprojectofresearchersatHarvardMedicalSchoolinMassachusetts.ResearcherMartinTeicherandhisteamstudiedyoungadults，aged18to

3、25.Theseyoungmenandwomenhadnoteverbeentreatedinacruelorviolentwaybytheirparents.Theresearchersaskedtheyoungpeopletoratetheirchildhoodexposuretoverbalabusefrombothparentsandotherchildren.Thentheresearchersperformedimagingtestsonthebrainsofthesubjects.Theimage

4、sshowedthatthepeoplewhoreportedsufferingverbalabusefrompeersinmiddleschoolhadunderdevelopedconnectionsbetweentheleftandrightsideofthebrain.Thetwosidesofthebrainareconnectedbyalargebundleofconnectingfiberscalledthecorpuscallosum.Thiswastheareathatwasunderdeve

5、loped.Themiddleschoolyearsareatimewhenthesebrainconnectionsaredeveloping.So，unkind，hurtfulmentsfromchildrenoradultsduringthisperiodhavethegreatesteffect.Theresearcherstestedthementalandemotionalconditionofalltheyoungpeopleinthestudy.Thetestsshowedthatthissam

6、egroupofpeoplehadhigherlevelsoffear，depression，angeranddrugabusethanothersinthestudy.TheresearcherspublishedtheirfindingsonlineontheAmericanJournalofPsychiatry’swebsite.Parentscannotcontrolwhatotherpeoplesaytotheirchildren，buttheycanpreparetheirchildren.【解题导

7、语】　本文是一篇说明文。马萨诸塞州哈佛医学院的研究人员发现，语言暴力会干扰大脑神经的连接，对孩子的大脑发育造成不良影响。1.Whydoestheauthorusethepopularsayingatthebeginning？A.Toshowthepowerofwords.B.Tointroduceanoppositeview.C.Toprovetheauthor’sargument.D.Toshowancientpeople’swisdom.B　解析：写作意图题。根据此谚语后面的“Well，thatisnott

8、rue...hurtchildrenasmuchasbeingphysicallyhit，sometimesevenmoreso.”可知，本文引用这个谚语是为了引出一个不同的或者说是相反的观点，故选B。2.Whatdidthesubjectshaveinmon？A.Theywerehurtbyunkindwords.B.Theyperformedpoorlyinimagingtests