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1、2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解（4）(I)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。(CrypticColoring) Crypticcoloringisbyfarthemonestuseofcolorinthestruggleforexistence.Itisemployedforthepurposeofattack(aggressiveresemblanceoranticrypticcoloring)aswellasofdefense(protectiveresemblance
2、orprocrypticcoloring).Thefactthatthesamemethodconcealment,maybeusedbothforattackanddefensehasbeenwellexplainedbyT.Beltwhosuggestsasanillustrationtherapidityofmovementwhichisalsomadeuseofbybothpursuerandpursued,whichissimilarlyraisedtoamaximuminbothbythegradualdying
3、outoftheslowestthroughaseriesofgenerations.Crypticcoloringismonlyassociatedwithotheraidsinthestruggleforlife.Thuswell-concealedmammalsandbirds,whendiscovered,willgenerallyendeavortoescapebyspeedandwilloftenattempttodefendthemselvesactively.Ontheotherhand,smallanima
4、lswhichhavenomeansofactivedefense,suchaslarge,numbersofinsects,frequentlydependuponconcealmentalone.Protectiveresemblanceisfarmoneramonganimalsthanaggressiveresemblance,incorrespondencewiththefactthatpredaceousformsareasarulemuchlargerandmuchlessnumerousthantheirpr
5、ey.InthecaseofinsectivorousVertebrataandtheirpreysuchdifferencesexistinanexaggeratedform.Crypticcoloring,whetherusedfordefenseofattack,maybeeithergeneralorspecial.Ingeneralresemblancetheanimal,inconsequenceofitscoloring,producesthesameeffectasitsenvironment,butthec
6、onditionsdonotrequireanyspecialadaptationofshapeandoutline.Generalresemblanceisespeciallymonamongtheanimalinhabitingsomeuniformlycoloredexpanseoftheearth’ssurface,suchasanoceanoradesert.Intheformer,animalsofallshapesarefrequentlyprotectedbytheirtransparentbluecolor
7、,onthelatter,equallydiverseformsaredefendedbytheirsandyappearance.Theeffectofauniformappearancemaybeproducedbyabinationoftintsinstartlingcontrast.Thustheblackandwhitestripesofthezebrablendtogetheratalittledistance,and“theirproportionissuchasexactlytomatchthepaletin
8、twhicharidgroundpossesseswhenseenbymoonlight.”Specialresemblanceisfarmonerthangeneralandistheformwhichisusuallymetwithonthediversifiedsurfaceofth
