太阳能电池基本特性研究

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1、表1负载电压和电流记录表电压U/V光电流I/mA电阻(KQ)功率P(mW)0.035.185.7920.15540」35」725.1450.67210.235.1644.5741.18680.335.1564.0781.69950.435.1483.6582.21020.535.09104.1262.69770.635.07124.2603」9410.735.03145.1293.67190.834.93168.3574.09190.934.88190.5744.53841.034.77215.9334.9131L134.65243.0115.25451.234.51272.7275

2、.54731.334.3309.3025.7191.434.12347.0875.89161.533.85397.4035.89051.633.56457.8655.80281.733.23535.6045.58791.832.82648.9365.16061.932.4804.1674.6322.031.891074.0743.83672.131.381543.4782.93942.230.812753.0861.80632.330.2310130.4350.5359f"功率亠电压光电流°2000^iWooowooo12ooo由上图可知：当R小于某一值时，负载电流儿乎不变，此时，可

3、视为恒流源；当R大于某一值时，负载电流近乎按指数形式减小。从图中可知：Ac=5」8九4Usc=2.33V当R增加时，P先增加，后减小，山U、I决定。由图可看岀，当R=347.087Q时，Pm=5.8916mW故填充因子：F尸人ax==0.488ISCUSC5.18x2.33且Ff值越大，太阳能电池对光的利用率越高，光转化率越高。表2太阳能电池正向偏压与电流数据表U1u2I(mA)u0.100.030.0069100.070.200.070.0128330.130.300.120.0177680.180.400.160.0236910.240.500.210.0286270.290.6

4、00.270.0325750.330.700.320.0375110.380.800.390.0404720.410.900.450.0444210.451.000.520.0473820.481.100.590.0503430.511.200.660.0533050.541.300.740.0552790.561.400.820.0572530.581.500.890.0602150.611.600.980.0612020.621.701.070.0621890.631.801.150.0641630.651.901.240.0651500.662.001.330.0661370.

5、672.201.510.0681120.692.401.700.0690990.702.601.890.0700860.712.802.080.0710730.723.002.290.0700860.713.202.490.0700860.713.402.690.0700860.713.602.890.0700860.713.793.090.0690990.70由图可知，短路电流随开路电压的增大而增大，Illi线近似于直线。求I。和B：在图中取两点A（0.62,0.061202）B（0.70,0.069099）带入公式Ij=I丄円-1）可得方程组0.061202=1。（e°”2“一1

6、）0.069099=1。(e0L29//—1)解方程组可得：1。=7.50=0.02所以经验公式为：-二7.5（0°心—1）短路电流.开路电压与光照强度的关系6—♦-Isc/roA亠Usc/Vfl102468入射光磁表3不同光强下太阳能电池开路电压及短路电流光强比值0IIIIIIIVVIsc/mA0.851.392.373.634.825.25U心V1.681.892.12.242.322.36不同光照下的I~U图652.51A/VU冇曲线可知，在不通光照下，随光照的增强，开路电压和短路电流也随Z增强。短路电流呈线性变化，开路电压开始增加较快，后趋于水平。求人和在图中取两点A(1.8

7、9,1.39)B(2.32,4.82)带入Uoc=—ln(l+可得方程组:解方程组可得：Io=0.0020=17所以，f和％之间的近似函数关系为：U0C=^n(1+占訝表四不同角度光照下电池开路电压及短路电流角度10°20°30°40°50°60°开路电压/V2.362.322.302.252.192.11短路电流/mA5.254.824.423.773.102.38在一定光照下随角度的逐渐增大，开路电压基本保持不变，短路电流逐渐减小，填充因子Z间减小，太