专业外语汇总

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1、-^.Explorationshouldbecarriedouttoadepthwhichincludesallstratalikelytobesignificantlyaffectedbythestructuralload.Experiencehasshownthatdamagingsettlementdoesnotusuallytakeplacewhentheaddedstressinthesoilduetotheweightofastructureislessthan10%oftheeffectiveoverburdenstress・勘探深度应包括可能受结构荷载影响较人的所冇地层

2、。经验表明，当因建筑物重量而产主的土的附加应力不到有效覆盖应力的10%时，一般不会发生破坏性沉陷。注释：1.likelytobesignificantlyaffectedbythestructuralload：不定式作allstrata的定语。不定式用作定语有两种情况比较普遍，一是用在一定的句型中，一是用在某些特定名词Z后。这里属前种情况。2.takeplace：发生，举行。3.dueto:由于，归因于。due是名词，应得物，应得权益。4.lessthan:less（little的比较级），than：连接词，LLolessthan是由than引起的状语从句。Thesimplestfor

3、mofinsitudensitytestisthereplacementtest.Asuitableareaofgroundischosenandleveled,andaholeisexcavatedbyhandandthespoilisweighted.Whenasuitablequantityhasbeendugout,theholeisfilledwithstandardsandfromasandpouringcontainer,thevolumeofsandbeingcalculated.Withtheweightandvolumeofthesoildetermined,the

4、densitycanbecalculated.最简单的现场密度试验方法是置换试验。选择一块适合的地面并加以平整，然后用手工挖掘一个孔洞，称虽挖出的土的重量。当已挖出适量的土时，用砂灌注器将己计算出体积的标准砂充填孔洞。根据土的重量和体积，可以计算出密度。注释：1.insitu：situ（拉丁语）,insitu原地,在（施工）现场。2.withstandardsand：介调短语作状语,with（说明表示动作的词）用，以，借助。3.thevolumeofsandbeingcalculated：现在分词的被动形式作定语。beingcalculated为thevolumeofsand的定语，例

5、如:Beingprotectedbyathickwall,theyfelttheywerequitesafe.i堵厚墙掩护着，他们感到很安全。二•Geotechnicalengineeringisabranchofcivilengineeringthatisconcernedwiththeusesofsoilandrockasmaterialsofconstruction（Reese,1977;Hunt,1983）.TheAmericanSocietyofCivilEngineers（1978）definesgeotechnicalengineeringas“thatpartcivil

6、engineeringinvolvingtheinterrelationshipbetweenthegeologicalenvironmentandtheworksofman."Thetermgeotechnics.orgeotechnique,hasbeenincommonuseinEuropeandSouthAmericaformanyyears・OnlyrecentlyhasitbecomeaccentedintheUnitedStates.ItwasadoptedbytheAmericanSocietyofCivilEngineersin1974asareplacementfo

7、rthe“SoilMechanicsandFoundationEngineeringDivision^togiveabroaderconnotationtothedisciplineandparticularlytoencompassthesubjectofrockmechanics・Thetermsoilmechanicsandfoundationengineeringisstillusedmorecommonlyasthetitleofma