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1、刷题大卷练(五)第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A[2019·烟台高考诊断性测试]Dogsandhumanshavebeenlivingsidebysideforabout15000years,buttherearetonsoffactsaboutdogsthatperhapswehaveneverheardof.NightvisionDogshavegoodnightvision.Theirlarge
2、pupilsletmorelightinandtherods(视杆细胞)workbetterinpoorlight.Butthebiggestfactoristhetapetum(反光组织),whichreflectslightatthebackoftheeye.Besides,dogs'whiskers(胡须)alsohelpthem“see”inthedarkbecausetheypickuponverysmallchangesinair,providingdogswithinformationaboutthesiz
3、e,shape,andspeedofthingsnearby.SecrettailcodeDogscanusetheirtailstomunicate.Theywagtheirtailstotherightwhentheyarerelaxedorhappy,andtotheleftwhennervousorthreatened.Whenthey'reaggressive,thetailswillstickstraightupintheair.Abroadwagisfriendlywhileaslowwagisneutra
4、l,neitherexcitednoranxious.DreamsWeoftenseeadog'sbodymakingsuddenmovementsinitssleep.Dogshavethesamebrainwavepatternsashumans'whiletheyareasleep,sotheydreamjustlikewedo.SupernoseDogscanfindtheirwayhomedespitelongdistances.Theirnosesareavitalpartoftheirincredibles
5、enseofdirection.Thepartofadog'sbrainthatcontrolssmellis40timeslargerthanhumans'.They'reabletofollowsmellsformiles.Furthermore,dogshaveanamazingabilitytorecognizethesmellsgivenoffbytheabnormalcellsinhumanbodies,includingcancer.Thisissomethingscientistsareeagertoex
6、plorefurther.Andinterestingly,adog's“fingerprint”isonitsnose.Thepatternsondogs'nosesaresodistinctthattheycanactuallybeusedtoidentifytheanimals.AsixthsenseDogsactstrangelybeforesomethingbad,likeastormorearthquake,happens,fortheyaresensitivetolowfrequenciesthathuma
7、nscan'tsense.Sodon'tlettheirstrangebehaviorgounnoticednexttime.Itcouldsaveyourlife.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于狗的一些信息。1．Whichofthefollowingindirectlyhelpsdogsseewellinthedark?A．Theirrods.B．Theirtapetum.C．Theirwhiskers.D．Theirpupils.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。由第二段第四句Besides,dogs
8、'whiskers(胡须)alsohelpthem“see”inthedarkbecausetheypickuponverysmallchangesinair,providingdogswithinformationaboutthesize,shape,andspeedofthingsnearby.可知，狗的胡须能间
