2019-2020年高二英语上学期期末考试试题（无答案）

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1、2019-2020年高二英语上学期期末考试试题（无答案）本试卷由二部分组成。第一部分为高考题型；第二部分为基础知识考查：其中高一年级知识内容占10分，本学期知识内容占5分。试卷共10页，五大题，满分135分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。2、每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再涂其它答案或填写客观题答案。填写在试题卷上无效。3、考试结束，监考人员将答题卡按座位号、页码顺序收回。Ⅰ阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（

2、共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAlanTuringisknownasthefatherofmodernputerscience,buthewasalsoagreatmathematician,code-breaker（密码破译者）,philosopher（哲学家）andwar-hero.TuringwasborninLondononJune23,1912.HestudiedmathematicsatCambridgeUniversityin

3、the1930sandaftergraduatinghebecamearesearcherattheuniversity,wherehebegandevelopinghisideasforwhatwaslatercalledthe“TuringMachine”.DuringWorldWarIITuringjoinedthearmyaspartofateamresponsibleforbreakingthecodesusedbytheGermanarmiesfortheirmunications.Usinghisknowledgeofmath

4、ematicsandputingprinciples,Turingconstructedamachinewhichcouldinterpretthesemysteriousmessages,givingtheBritishaccesstothousandsoftheGermanwarplansandsecrets.Manythinkithelpedshortenthewarbyseveralyears,savingmillionsoflives.Afterthewar,Turingreturnedtodevelopingthedesigno

5、fthe“TuringMachine”,thefirstmodernputer.Duringthe1940sand1950smostputersweredesignedforasinglepurpose.Turing’srevolutionaryideawastobuildamachinethatcoulddoanything,amulti-purposeputer,somethingthatweconsidermontoday.Turingpletedhisdesignbuthiscolleaguesthoughtitwastoodiff

6、iculttoconstruct,sotheTuringMachinewasneverbuiltinhislifetime.ThemethodofinstructingtheputerwasthekeytoTuring’sidea.Hedescribedamachinewhichknewthreesimpleinstructions:sequence（序列顺序）,selectionandrepetition.Makingtheputerperformanytaskwassimplyamatterofbreakingthetaskdownin

7、tostepsusingabinationoftheseinstructions.Thisprincipleremainsthebasisofalmostallputerprogramminguptothisday.Turingalsodevelopedwhatisnowknownasthe“TuringTest”ofputerintelligence.Thetestconsistedofapersonaskingquestionsviakeyboardtobothapersonandanintelligentmachine.Turingb

8、elievedthatifthepersonaskingthequestionscouldnottellthedifferencebetweenthemachine’sanswe