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1、2019-2020年高中英语Unit2CloningPartⅢGrammar学案新人教版选修8一、[学习目标]1.掌握同位语从句的用法;2.学会区分同位语从句与定语从句等的区别。二、[自主预习]1.定义:在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that,whether,what,which,who,when,where,why,how等词引导,常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,wish,promise,answer,evid
2、ence,report,explanation,suggestion,conclusion等抽象名词后面,说明该名词的具体内容。换言之,同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系,对其内容作进一步说明。例:Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.析:theyhadwonthegame说明Thenews的全部内容,因此该句为同位语从句。2.如何确定同位语从句引导词1.如同位语从句意义完整,应用that引导同位语从句。(即that不充当任
3、何成分,只起连接作用,不可省略)例:Thegeneralgavetheorderthatthesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce.析:thesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce是theorder的全部内容,且意义完整,因此应用that引导同位语从句。2.如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加"是否"的含义,应用whether引导同位语从句。(if不能引导同位语从句)例:We'lldiscusstheproblemwhetherthesportsmeeti
4、ngwillbeheldontime.析:thesportsmeetingwillbeheldontime意义不完整,应加"是否"的含义才能表达theproblem的全部内容,因此应用whether引导同位语从句。3.如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"等含义,应用when,where,how等词引导同位语从句。例1:Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.析:hewillbeback意义不完整,应加"什么时候"的含义才能表达idea的全部内容,因此应用wh
5、en引导同位语从句。例2:Ihavenoimpressionhowhewenthome,perhapsbybike.析:hewenthome意义不完整,应加"如何"的含义才能表达impression的全部内容,因此应用how引导同位语从句。4.当主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句较长时,同位语从句常后置.如:Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity. 3.同位语从句VS定语从句同位语从句和定语从句相似,都放在某一名词或代词后面,但同位语从句不同于定语
6、从句。同位语从句对名词加以补充说明,是名词全部内容的体现,且名词和同位语从句的引导词均不在从句中作成分;定语从句说明先行词的性质与特征,与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系,且名词和定语从句的引导词均在从句中作成分。注意:区分时可以在先行词与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子,如果句子通顺且符合逻辑,则为同位语从句,反之,则为定语从句。Thereportthathewasgoingtoresignwasfalse.Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheoth
7、ergroupswasreceivedyesterday.Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreepartsisknowntomany.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormising.【熟能生巧】1)Informationhasbeenpu
8、tforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.while B.that C.when D.as2)Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities,thisistheinformation____hasbeenputforw