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1、定语从句和状语从句定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句二、关系副词引导的定语从句三、as在定语从句中的用法四、but在定语从句中的用法五、what用法要点六、than用法要点七、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句引导定语从句的关联词:1.关系代词:that,which,whose,who,whom,as;2.关系副词:when,where,why关系代词定语中做主语,宾语和定语,关系副词在句中做状语.定语从句多放在先行词之后.一、关系代词引导的定语从句1.关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词和代词功能作用限制性非限制性定语从句
2、,代替人限制性非限制性定语从句,代替物限制性,代替人或物主语whowhichthat宾语whomwhichthat定语whosewhoseHeisamanwho/thatmeanswhathesays.(说话算数的人)TheyoungmanwithwhomItravelledcouldspeakEnglish.Isthereanyoneinyourdepartmentwhosefatherisapainter?2.使用要点关系代词的省略1).作直接宾语时可以省略Theman(whom)yousawjustnowisourm
3、anager.Isthereanything(that)Icandoforyou?2).在“there+be”结构的从句中做主语的关系代词可以省略Thisistheonlybus(that)thereistothepark.Theoldprofessormadefulluseofthetime(that)therewaslefttohimtocontinuehisresearchinthefieldofelectronics.2.如果关系代词紧跟在介词之后,不能用who或that,只能用which或whom.Thisisth
4、equestionaboutwhichtheyhavehadsomuchdiscussioninthepastfewweeks.Thepeoplewithwhomheworkedthoughthewasabitstrange.3.如果先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that.Thebookdoesn’tsaymuchthatamuseschildren.That’sall(that)Icoulddoatth
5、attime.4.如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first,last,any,only,few,no,some,very等词修饰,引导限制性定语从句的关系代词为that.Heistheonlypersonthatwaspresentatthetime.Nosamplethatwehavereceivedissatisfactory.5.在非限制性定语从句中,不能用that,做宾语用的代词不能省略.TheHeavenlyLake,whichisoneoftheworldfamousscenicspots,isonTianshan
6、Mountain.Thereare30studentsintheclass,themajorityofwhomarefromthecity.6.which可以引导修饰整个主句的定语从句.NewConceptEnglishisintendedforforeignstudents,whichisknowntoallofus.Shewasawardedagoldmedal,whichthewholefamilyconsideredagreathonor.Shewasverypatienttowardsthechildren,whi
7、chherhusbandseldomwas.7.用做表语的关系代词Heisnolongerthesimple-mindedpersonthathewasfiveyearsago.(限制,人或物)Themoderncarisnolongerthecarwhichitwasin1930’s.(限制/非限制,人或物)Hewillbecomethemanwhichhisfatherwantshimtobe.8.先行词是集体名词用who还是which.Thebasketballteam,whichisplayingverywell,w
8、illcomeoutfirst.Thebasketballteam,whoarehavingarest,willbeginanothermatchin20minutes.9.如果用两个或两个以上先行词,兼指人或物,用that.Thefamouswriterandhisworksthatth
