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1、However&Whatever表示转折:尤其用于谈及一个既成事实时,表示转折,其意为“可是”“仍然”等。可放在句首、句中或句末,通常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。如:Myfather,however,didnotagree.但是,我父亲不同意。Myroomissmall;however,it’scomfortable.我的房间很小,但却很舒服。Hesaidthatitwasso;hewasmistaken,however.他说情况如此,可是他错了。注:however不能像but(但是)那样直接连接两个句子(注意正句中的标点符号)。如:我们都已尽了最大的努力,
2、不过我们还是输了。误:Wealltriedourbest,howeverwelostthegame.正:Wealltriedourbest,butwelostthegame.正:Wealltriedourbest;however,welostthegame.正:Wealltriedourbest.however,welostthegame.However表示惊奇或者强调表示惊奇或强调:相当于however的用法,其意为“究竟怎样,到底以什么方式”。如:Howeverdidyougetherewithoutacar?没有汽车你究竟是怎样来的呢?However
3、doeshemanagetowritemusicwhenheissodeaf?他聋成这个样子,究竟是怎样从事作曲的呢?However有时可表达“然而”、“可是”之意,出现于句中或句尾。例:Theysaidthatitwasso;theyweremistaken,however.他们说事情就是如此,可是他们错了。与之类似区别的词语很多,例如whatever/nomatterwhat、whenever/nomatterwhen、wherever/nomatterwhere、whichever/nomatterwhich、whoever/nomatterwho.
4、However的用法(一)用作连接副词,相当于nomatterhow,引导让步状语从句,意思是“不管怎样……”“无论如何……”,具体结构有以下两种:1.however+形容词+主语+系动词,例:Howeverrichpeopleare,theyalwaysseemanxioustotakemoremoney.无论人们有多富裕,他们似乎总是渴望挣到更多的钱。2.however+副词+主语+谓语,例:Howeverfastheruns,hecan’tcatchupwithus.无论他跑得多快也不能赶上我们。“however+形容词或副词+主语+谓语”有时可以有
5、所省略。Irefuse,howeverfavorabletheconditions.不管条件如何有利,我都不干。(conditions后省去了are)I’dratherhavearoomofmyown,howeversmall(itis),thansharearoom.无论房间多么小,我宁愿一个人住一间,而不愿意与别人合住一个房间。Agrammarrule,howevertrue(itis),isuselessunlessitcanbeunderstood.一条语法规则,不管如何正确,除非能懂,否则毫无用处。(二)用作连词,引导让步状语从句,意思是“怎么样
6、都行”。例:Inone’sownhomeonecanactshoweverhewishes.在自己家里一个人想干什么都行。Howeveritmaybe,Ishalltakeyourword.无论如何,我将会相信你的话。HoweverIapproachedtheproblem,Icouldn’tfindasolution.这一问题我不管怎样都无法解决。Howeveryoutravel,it’lltakeyouatleasttwodays.无论你怎么个走法,至少要两天时间。Thepaintinglookswronghoweveryoulookatit.这张画不
7、论怎么看都显得不对劲。Whatever的用法(一)引导名词性从句,相当于anythingthat,意思是“所……的任何事情”,在语气上比what更加强调。例:Whatevershedidwasright.她所做的一切都是对的。Takewhateveryouwant.你想要什么就拿什么吧。)(二)引导让步状语从句,相当于nomatterwhat,意思是“无论什么”,“不管什么”,whatever在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。例:Whatever(Nomatterwhat)happens,weshallneverloseheart.无论发生什么,我们都
8、不会失去信心。(让步状语从句)Whateveryoudo,doit