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1、2019-2020年高中英语module3grammar学练稿外研版选修8定义:定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。充当定语的有：形容词、代词、名词、分词、介词短语或副词和从句。1形容词作定语：Thelittleboyneedsabluepen.2数词作定语相当于形容词：Twoboysneedtwopens.3代词或名词所有格作定语：HisboyneedsTom’spen.4介词短语作定语：Theboyintheclassroomneedsapenofyours.5名词作定语：Theboyne
2、edsaballpen.6副词作定语：Theboythereneedsapen.7不定式作定语：Theboytowritethisletterneedsapen.Thereisnothingtodotoday.8分词(短语)作定语：Thesmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother.ThepenboughtbyherismadeinChina.Therearefiveboysleft.定语从句1.在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。2.定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。3.引导定语从句的连词叫关系代词或关系副词。关系代词:_______
3、________________________________1who指_____,作_______或_______(作______可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.whom指______作______(作_____可省略,如____提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.2which指____,作____或_____(作___可省略,如介词提前则
4、不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder(which)heisusingismadeinJapan.3that指_________,作____或_____(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout4WhoseThisistheroomwhosewindowswasbroken.=_________________=_____________________注意：that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换
5、,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。Iamsureshehassomethingthatyoucanborrow.(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。Thisisthefirstbookthathehasread.(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,the
6、same修饰时。Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(5)先行词既有人又有物在下列情况下只用which,不用that。1.引导非限定性定语从句。2.直接作介词的宾语。3.避免与that重复。5介词+关系代词=____________ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.=___________Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub=_________注意:介词提前时只能用which而不能用that。Isthisthelibraryfromwhichy
7、ouborrowbooks?6as/whichAs引导的定语从句位于__________________________.常与______________________________等连用。Which引导的定语从句位于_________。Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.=________________________________________=________________________________________Tomdidn’tpasstheexam,whichmadehismother
