unit5同位语从句详细讲解

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1、AppositiveClauseGrammarReadthefollowingsentencesandpayattentiontotheunderlinedparts.1Theirfriend,DannyLin,waswaitingattheairport.2Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.3HetoldmethathisbrotherJohnwasaworld-famousdoctor.4Thenewsthattheyhadwonthebasketballgamesoonspreadthewholeschool当两

2、个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等的位置时，一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者叫做后者的同位语。作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句一般跟在某些名词之后，用以说明或解释前面的名词的具体内容。Whatkindofnounclausesarethey?Whatitwastobecomewasamystery.2.Idon’tknowwhowillhelpHenrytowinthebet.3.Histroubleisthathedoesn’tknowanybodyinLondon.4.Thefactthatshipscangotheresurpris

3、esmanypeople.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句名词性从句Findouttheappositiveclausefromthereadingtext.Thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5500kilometresfromcoasttocoast.Thegirlsweresurpriseda

4、tthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes.that引导同位语从句(1)Thenewsthatourteamwonthefirstprizeexcitedallofus.我们队得了第一名，这消息使我们都很兴奋。(2)Thefactthattwothirdsofallgirlsareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.(3)ManyBritishparentsholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.

5、如果同位语从句意义完整应用that引导同位语从句，that在从句中不充当任何成分，无任何具体意思，一般不省略。1.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.2.Thequestionwhoshouldgoabroadrequiredconsideration.3.Heoftenaskedmethequestionwhethertheworkwasworthdoing.4.Ihavenoimpressionhowhewenthome,perhapsbybike.除that外，其余连词在从句中都具有各自的意义或成分。if不可以引导同位语从句。注意

6、啦！！!大家注意啦！！！同位语从句与定语从句区别:（1）定语从句是从句对其先行词或前面整个句子的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴，如:Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句限制或修饰news,说明到底是哪个news.)辨析：(2)从引导词来看引导词tha

7、t在同位语从句中是连词，只起连接作用，无具体词义，that不可省略；that在定语从句中是关系代词，除了起连接作用，它在从句中充当一定成分——主语或宾语，作宾语时还可以省略。Thefactory(that)wevisitedyesterdayisachemicalone.（factory在从句中作visited的宾语,也就是说that指代factory在从句中作宾语，可以省略）ThenewsthathewillleaveforShanghaiistrue.（that只起连接作用，不做成分，一般不可以省略)（3）当when,where,why和how引导同位语从

8、句时为连接副词，虽在句中充当成分，但前