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1、Unit4 MakingthenewsⅠ.阅读理解APersuasionistheartofconvincingsomeonetoagreewithyou.AccordingtotheancientGreeks,therearethreebasictoolsofpersuasion:ethos,pathos,andlogos.Ethosisaspeaker’swayofconvincingtheaudiencethatheistrustworthy,honestandreliable.Onecommonwayaspeakercandevelopethosisbyexplaini
2、nghowmuchexperienceoreducationhehasinthefield.Afterall,you’remorelikelytolistentoadviceabouthowtotakecareofyourteethfromadentistthanafireman.Aspeakercanalsocreateethosbyconvincingtheaudiencethatheisagoodperson.Iftheaudiencecannottrustyou,youwillnotbeabletopersuadethem.Pathosisaspeaker’swayof
3、connectingwiththeaudience’semotions.Forexample,apoliticianwhoistryingtoconvincetheaudiencetovoteforhimmightsaythathealonecansavethecountryfromaterriblewar.Thesewordsareintendedtofilltheaudiencewithfear,thusmakingthemsupporthim.Similarly,ananimalcharitymightshowtheaudiencepicturesofinjureddog
4、sandcats,tomaketheviewersfeelpity.Iftheaudiencefeelbadfortheanimals,theywillbemorelikelytodonatemoney.Logosistheuseoffacts,statistics,orotherevidencetosupportyourargument.Theaudiencewillbemorelikelytobelieveyouifyouhaveconvincingdatatobackupyourclaims.Presentingthisevidenceismuchmorepersuasi
5、vethansimplysaying“believeme”.Althoughethos,pathos,andlogosallhavetheirstrengths,theyareoftenmosteffectivewhenusedtogether.Indeed,mostspeakersuseacombinationofethos,pathos,andlogostopersuadetheiraudience.So,thenexttimeyoulistentoaspeech,watchacommercial,orlistentoafriendwhotrytoconvinceyouto
6、lendhimsomemoney,beonthelookoutfortheseancientGreektoolsofpersuasion.1.Howisaspeakerabletoshowhisethostotheaudience?A.Byexpressinghissympathywiththeaudience.B.Bytellingtheaudienceabouthispersonalpreference.C.Byusingbeautifullanguagetomakehisstatementsattractive.D.Byshowinghisknowledgeandexpe
7、riencerelatingtothetopic.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthethreeaspectsofpersuasion?A.Ethosisthemostimportantaspectofpersuasion.B.Eachaspecthasadifferenteffectontheaudience.C.Honestyisthekeytomakingyourargumentsbelievable.D.Politicalleadersneverusepathostope
