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1、Unit2 WorkingthelandⅠ.阅读理解AsLeonardodaVinci’sinterestswerevaried,hisresearchcoveredagreatrange,includingvariousaspectsofappliedmechanics(应用力学).Therefore,someofhisbiographersthinksuchaman,havinggreatartisticgenius,would“waste”preciousyearsofhislifeonsucha“lowly”p
2、ursuitasengineering.ToappreciateLeonardo’scontributiontotechnology,oneneedonlyexaminehisanalysisofthemainproblemoftechnology.InLeonardo’stime,themainburdenofhumanindustrystillreliedonthemusclesofhumansandanimals.Butlittleattentionwasgiventoanalyzingthisprimitive
3、musclepowersothatitcouldbeusedmosteffectivelyfortherequiredtasks.Againstthisbackground,Leonardo’sapproachtoworkwasrevolutionary.Whenhesearchedforthemostefficientwaysofusinghumanmusclepower,theforceofeverylegandarmwasanalyzedandmeasured.ConsiderLeonardo’spainstak
4、ingapproachtotheconstructionofcanals.Afteranalysisofconstructingaparticularcanalbyhand,heconcludedthattheonlyreasonablesolutionwastomechanizethewholeoperation.Thenheconsideredandfinallyabandonednumerousplansinthecourseoftheconstruction.Havingsystematicallyreject
5、edseveralsolutionsinthisway,Leonardobegantoconsiderusingasystemofcranes(吊车).Powerwasagainhismainconcern.Toactivateacrane,theonlytransportablemotoravailableatthetimewouldhavebeenatreadmill(踏车).ThisisnottosuggestthatLeonardoinventedthetreadmill.However,itwasLeonar
6、dowhofirstusedtheprincipleofthetreadmillreasonablyandinaccordancewithengineeringprinciples.BecauseLeonardo’sinsightsweresometimessofarbeyondthestandardsofhistime,theirimportancetothedevelopmentofmodernengineeringisoftenundervalued.Manyscholars,infact,stillrefuse
7、dtoconcedethatLeonardowasoneofourearliestandmostsignificantengineers.1.WhydoestheauthorconsiderLeonardo’sapproachtowork“revolutionary”inParagraph2?A.Becauseheattemptedtoreplacehumansandanimalswithmachines.B.Becauseheadaptedtraditionalsolutionstopreviouslyimpossi
8、bletasks.C.Becausehestudiedmusclepowerinawaythatnoonehadusedbefore.D.Becausehemovedthemainburdenofindustryfromhumantoanimalpower.2.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeL
