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1、2016年军队院校专升本英语试题英语试卷模拟四一•快速阅读(共1()分，每小题1分)NaturaldisasterEarthquakesWhentheEarthMovesEarthquakesarecausedbythemotionoftectonicplates一individualsectionsthatmakeuptheEarth'ssurfacelikepanelsonafootball.Immensestrainaccumulatesalongfaultlineswhereadjacentplatesmeet・
2、Whentherockseparatingtheplatesgivesway,suddenseismicground-shakingmovementoccurs.Ofcourse,ifwewanttoknowwhyearthquakeshappen,weneedtodigalittledeeper.CentreoftheEarthTheEarthismadeupofthreemainlayers:ThecoreisatthecentreoftheEarth.Themantleisamobilesemi-moltenlay
3、eraroundthecore・Theouter-shelloftheEarthiscalledthecrust.Scientistscallthisthelithosphere—it'sthepartwe'reonnow.Thecrustismadeupof12individualtectonicplates.Belowthesea,theycanmeasurethreetosixmiles(4km-9.6km)thickandunderlandthisincreasesto20-44miles(32km-70.8km
4、).Belowthecrust,radiationfromtheEarth'scoreheatsthesemi-moltenmantletotemperaturesofover5000°C.Allfluidswhenheated一evenmoltenrock一areaffectedbyaprocesscalledconvection.Thatmakeshotliquidrisetodisplacecoolerliquid,creatingacurrent.Tectonicplateseffectivelyfloatont
5、hemantle,likecroutonsinabowlofsupcr-hcatcdsoup.Buttheseplatesandconstantlymoveduetotheconvectioncurrent.Ofcourse,theycreepalongveryslowly一roughlythesamespeedyourfingernailsgrow.Evenatthissubsnail-pace,theeffectscanbedevastating.Thecombinedannualforceofearthquakes
6、isequalto100X)00timesthepoweroftheatomicbombsthatflattenedHiroshima.Thepointwheretheseismicactivityoccursistheepicentre,wheretheearthquakeisstrongest.Butitdoesn'talwaysendthere;seismicwavestraveloutfromtheepicentre,sometimescreatingwidespreaddestructionastheypass
7、・VolcanoesWithoutdoubt,eruptingvolcanoesarcthemostawesomeandterrifyingsightsinnature.Infact,theiruntameddestructivefirepowerhasshapedandinfluencedmanyancientculturesfromPompeii,toJapan.IFsestimatedthatoneintenoftheWorldspopulationlivewithin"dangerrange”ofvolcanoe
8、s・AccordingtotheSmithsonianInstitute,thereare1511"active"volcanoesacrosstheglobe,andmanymoredormantonesthatcouldrechargeatanymoment.Whentectonicplatescollide,l
