小麦EMS突变体的创制与性状鉴定

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1、小麦EMS突变体的创制与性状鉴定摘要：EMS（甲基磺酸乙酯）诱变育种技术是利用EMS处理种子，使其发生基因突变，在短期内获得有价值的突变体，为育种工作提供丰富遗传变异的一项技。本研究利用EMS诱变处理小麦品系山农666-2和山农861的种子，在Ml代分别收获203、306个单株，种成M2株行；在M2代，每一行收获一个代表性单株，同时收获有明显变异的单株，最终，山农666-2及山农861各收获290、412个单株，种成M3株系。对M3代进行了株高、抽穗期、白粉病、条锈病等性状的调查分析。在山农666-2中，株高变异明显，变异范40〜80cm,获得一些高秆、矮秆变异株系；鉴

2、定出一些高抗条锈病或高感白粉病的株系；发现较野生型最早提前2天或最晚延迟14天抽穗的株系。在山农861中，同样获得高秆、矮秆变异株系，株高变异范围在25〜85cm；鉴定出一些高抗白粉病或高感条锈病的株系；抽穗期变异从最早提前3天抽穗至延后11天抽穗。本次诱变处理获得的突变体变异丰富，这为小麦农艺性状相关基因及抗病基因的发掘、克隆及功能研究提供了重要的基础材料，同时也为小麦育种提供了重要的种质来源。关键词：小麦；EMS诱变；突变体；农艺性状；抗病性中图分类号：S512.103.52文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942(2018)07-0061-06AbstractE

3、MS(ethylmethanesulfonate)mutagenesisisatechnologythatusesEMStotreatseedsandcausemutations，sothatwecanobtainvaluablemutantsinashortperiodandprovidealargenumberofgermplasmresourcesforbreeding.Inthisstudy,theseedsofwheatcultivarsShannong666-2andShannong861weretreatedrespectivelybyEMS,andweo

4、btained203Shannong666-2and306Shannong861singleplantsintheMlgeneration,thenplantedthemintoM2lines.InM2generation,onerepresentativeplantineachrowandthesingleplantswithsignificantvariationwereharvested.Weobtained290Shannong666-2and412Shannong861singleplants,andthenplantedasM3lines・IntheM3ge

5、neration,thetraitssuchasplantheight,headingdate,resistancetopowderymildewandstriperustwereinvestigatedintheadultplantstage・InShannong666-2,thevariationofplantheightwasobviouswiththevariationrangeof40〜80cm,andseveralhighanddwarfmutantlineswereobtained；somestrainswithhighresistancetostripe

6、rustorhighlysusceptibletopowderymildewwereidentified.Itwasfoundthattheheadingdateofsomelineswas2daysearlieror14dayslaterthanthewildtype・InSharmong861,wealsoobtainedseveralhighordwarfmutantlines,andtheplantheightrangewas25〜85cm；somestrainswithhighresistancetopowderymildeworhighsensitivity

7、tostriperustwereidentified.Andthechangeinheadingdaterangedfrom3daysearlieror11dayslaterthanthewildtype.TheaboveresuItsindicatedthatthemutantsobtainedbythismutagenesiswasabundant,whichprovidesimportantbasicmaterialsfortheidentification,cloningandfunctionalanalysisofwheatag