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1、180308听力短文1AViewofHappinessDr.Smithhasproposedareasonable,ifperhapssomewhatoversimplified1,viewofhappiness.Accordingtohistheory,happinessmightbedescribedasastateof(1).Andwhenhumanorcertainanimalsachievethatbalance,theyendtoremaininthatconditioninordertorepea
2、tthehappyfeeling.To(2)this,wemaystudytheactionoftwomagnets.Whentheirpositiveandnegativepolesmeet,theyarecomfortablyjoined,andtheyremainthere.Inotherwords,theyhaveattainedabalanceorstateofhappiness.Ifontheotherhand,oneofthepolesisreversed,andpositivepoleispre
3、ssedagainstpositivepole,thereis(3),instabilityimbalanceorastateofunhappiness.Animalswithsomedegreeofintelligenceseemtofindhappinessinreinforcement.Oncetheyhavegainedoneormoreoftheirgoalssuchasfood,andwater,theylearntorepeattheactionsthatledto(4)ofthosegoals.
4、Thisrepetitionorreinforcementproducesastateofbalanceorsenseofhappiness.Accordingtothistheory,onlyanimalswithasignificantcapacitytolearnshouldbeabletoexperiencehappiness.Butintruthlearningcantakeplacethroughsurprisinglysimpleshort-tennactionssuchasscratchinga
5、nitch,followedbypleasure,followedbymorescratching,andsoon.Thuslearningcanoccurwithalmostno(5)thought.Forhumanbeings,blessedwiththeabilitytoreason,goalsarenotlimitedtothe(6)ofbasicneeds.Indeed,thereisastrong(7)betweenhappinessandthefulfillment3oflong-termgoal
6、s-Evenifhumansstriveforgoalsthataremorecomplexandlonger-termthantheanimals^goals,oncethosegoalsaregained,happinessisreinforced.Questions:1.Whydoesthespeakermention“magnets^?OversimplifyIvt•使过分地单纯化・vi•过分地单纯化ReinforcementIn.加固；增援;援军;加强FulfillmentIn.履行；实行；满足（感）
7、1.Whatdoesthespeakersayisspecialaboutthegoalsofhumanbeings?2.Whichofthefollowingbestcapturesthemainideaofthepassage?180308听力短对话11.ScriptW:Igetfuriousatworkwhenmyopinionsaren^tconsideredjustbecauseFmawoman.M:Youshouldairyourviewmoreemphatically4anddemandthaty
8、ourvoicebeheard.Q:Whatisthewomancomplainingabout?2.ScriptM:Fmbesidemyselfwithjoy.Fmsolucky.Guesswhat?Fvewonalotofmoneyinthelottery.W:Yeah?Well,youdoknowthatmoneyistherootofallevil,right?Q:Whatdo
