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1、倒装句倒装是一种语法手段,用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要,分为完全倒装和部分倒装。A.Herecomesthecar.(全部倒装)正常语序:Thecarcomeshere・Awaywenttheboy.正常语序:Theboywentaway.全部倒装:将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。B.NeverhaveIseenthiskindofcar.(部分倒装)正常语序:Ihaveneverseenthiskindofcar.部分倒装:be/助动词/情态动词提前到主语的前面。一.完全倒装(全部倒装)1.以here,there,now
2、,then等副词或out,in,up,down,away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调,句子要全部倒装,谓语动词常用come,go,be,lie,run,rush等。①Theregoes.thebell.铃响了②Herecomesthebus.公共汽车來了③Awaywent.the.boy.那个男孩走开了。@Outrushedthechildren・小孩子冲了出来。(5)wentthearrowintotheair.2.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时①Atthefootofthehillliesa.beauti.ful②Underthetreeyyaslyingawound
3、edsoldier.③AmongthegoodsareChristmastreesy.flowers7.candlesa.0d.toys.注意:在上述句子中,如果主语是人称代词,则主、谓不需要倒装。如:①Inhecameandbackhewentagain.(2)Awayhewent.二.部分倒装(不完全倒装)构成:把be动词、助动词或情态动词提到主语的前面。be动词:am,is,are,was,were助动词:do,does,did;构成完成时态的has,have,had情态动词:can,could,would,will,may,might,should,shall等1.only所修饰
4、的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时,句子要部分倒装①OnlythendidIrealizetheimportsneeoflearningEnglish・(only+畐ij词)②OnlvafterhecamebackwasIabletoseehim.(only+介词短语)③Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork・(only+状语从句)(4)Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit.(only+介词短语)注:only修饰主语时,不用倒装。如:Onlysocialismcansa
5、veChina.2.含有否定或半否定意义的词或短语放在句首时,要部分倒装。常用的词或短语有:not,little,hardly,never,atnotime,bynomeans,undernocondition,nowhere,seldom,few,rarely,scarcely(几乎不),nolonger,neither,nor等如:(X)SeldomdoJgotothecinema.(2)NeverhaveJseensuchaperformanee.(3)Nowherewasthekeytobefound.(4)BynomeanswillIgiveup.⑤Sheisnotfondof
6、cooking,nor阿」・3・在so...that...和such...that…结构中当so或such置于句首时,主句用部分倒装如:ItissuchaninterestingbookthatIwanttoreaditagain.9SuchaninterestingbookisitthatIwanttoreaditagain.9Sointerestingis_thebookthatIwanttoreaditagain.4.在notonly...butalso;nosoondhan...;hardly・・.when・••等固定句式中,当notonly,nosooner和hardly位于句
7、首时,主句用部分倒装。如:①NotonlydoIknowher,butalsoPmherfriend.(2)NosoonerhadJarrivedhomethanitbegantorain.=HardlyhadJarrivedhomewhenitbegantorain.(3)HardlyhadJreachedtheairportwhentheplanetookoff.4.as/though引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然,尽管”时,句子