研究生英语复习摘要

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1、>MakethefollowingassertionaseditorofthebookLanguageinBritainandIreland.>ForEnglishisakiller.ItisEnglishthathaskilledoffNorn.>TherearestillpartsoftheseislandswheresizeablecommunitiesspeakIanguagesthatweretherebeforeEnglish・>YetEnglishiseverywhereineverydayuseandunderstoodb

2、yallorvirtuallyall,constitutingsuchathreattothreere-mainingCelticIanguages・>anEnglishacademic一位英国学者>Init,hearguedthatthemajorEnglish・speakingcountries,theworldwideEnglish-languageteachingindustry,andnotablytheBritishCouncilpursuepoliciesoflinguisticaggrandizement・>Healsoa

3、ssociatedsuchpolicieswithaprejudicewhichhecallslinguicism(3conditionparalleltoracismandsexism).>Assomeoneseesit在某人看来>predominantlywhiteEnglish-speakingworld主要的H人讲英语国家>thehegemonicspreadofEnglish英语的大肆扩张>economicandcolonialexpansion经济和殖民扩张>pointupthedangersofEnglishasaworld

4、language>theinternationalizationofEnglishhasinthelastfewdecadesbeenwidelydiscussedintermsofthreegroups•>Sincethe1980s,whensuchtermsbecamecommon,thisthirdcirclehasinfactexpandedtotakeintheentireplanet.>Byandlarge,wenowviewthemasmoreorlessbenign,andoftentalkwithadmirationan

5、dappreciationabouttheculturesassociatedwiththemandwhattheyhavegiventotheworld・>Anditisfairlysafetodothis,becausenoneofthemposesmuchofathreat.>EnglishhoweverisprobablytoocloseforustobeabletoanalyzeandjudgeitasdispassionatelyaswemaynowdiscusstheinflueneeofClassicalChineseo

6、nEastAsiaorofClassicalLatinonWesternEurope・>ThejuryisstilloutinthetrialoftheEnglishlanguage,andmaytakeseveralcenturiestoproduceitsverdict・>Butevensowecanask,inthisEuropeanYearofLanguage,whetherPriceandPhillipsonarerighttowarnusallabouttheIanguagethatIamusingatthisverymome

7、nt.>ItcertainlyisnothardtolookforsituationswherepeoplemightcallEnglishacurse・>AnexampleisAustralia,whichisroutinelyregardedasastraightforwardEnglish-speakingcountry.>TheworditselfisLatin;evidentlynooneatthetimethoughtofsimplycallingit"Southland".>awidestretchofland大片土地>Au

8、straliawasthinlypopulated—butpopulatednonetheless—fromcoasttocoastineverydirection.>Dependingony