文选复习材料

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1、TranscendentalismAppearedin1830s,TranscendentalismisthesummitoftheRomanticMovementinthehistoryofAmericanliteratureinthe19thcentury.Transcendentalismhasbeendefinedphilosophicallyas"therecognition（认矢口）inmanofthecapacityofknowingtruthintuitively（直觉地）”・Tr

2、anscendentalistsplaceemphasisontheimportanceoftheOver-soul,theindividualandNature.ThemostimportantrepresentativesareRalphWaldoEmersonandHenryDavidThoreau.AllanPoeMajorWorks:A:PoetryTheRaven《乌鸦》2AnnabelLee《安娜贝尔丽》ToHelen《献给海伦》B:Shortstories:TheFallofthe

3、HouseofUsher《厄舍古屋的倒塌》BlackCat《黑猫》TheGoldBug《金甲虫》C:Literarytheory:ThePoeticPrinciplev诗歌原理〉ThePhilosophyofCompositionv创作哲学〉D:onefull-lengthnovel:TheNarrativeofArthurGordonPymliteraryposition:ForeninnerofwesterndecadentliteratureForerunnerofaestheticlite

4、ratureFatherofmodemshortstorytheoryforpoetry:shortbutachievemaximumeffectproduceafeelingofbeautyinthereadernpure“，nottomoralizeHestressesrhythminsistsonaneven（规贝9的）metricalflowShortstoryfeature:G^f/zzcelementsliterarycontribution:AestheticismPrinciple

5、ofbeautyPrincipleofunityandconcentration；shortaPurepoetry"or"pureart"Unityofeffectandatmosphere;contentinserviceofartisticeffectThemesinPoe'sworks:DeathHorrorDeformity（畸形）NegativethoughtsofscienceMobyDick:Moby-Dick:Itisamixtureoffantasyandrealismbased

6、upontheSouthPacificwhalingindustryandaspiritualexplorationintoman'sdeeprealityandpsychology.Differentpeopleonboardtheshiparerepresentationsofdifferentideasanddifferentsocialandethnicgroups;factsbecomesymbolsandincidentsacquireuniversalmeanings;thePequ

7、odisthemicrocosmofhumansocietyandthevoyagebecomesasearchfortruth.Thewhitewhale,MobyDick,symbolizesnatureforMelvilleandtheevilforAhab・Ishmael(characterandnarrator);Ahab(captainofthePequod,amonomaniac,whosesinglepurposeistocapturethefierce,cunningwhitew

8、hale);othercharacters-Starbuck,Stubb,Flask,Fedallah,Tashtego,Daggoo,Pip.久MobyDick”,atremendouschronicleofawhalingvoyageinpursuitofaseeminglysupernaturalwhitewhale・Thebookissteepedinsymbolism,anotherstrongappealtoreadersofhiscentury.Dickinson:1