Linux环境GUI标准

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1、X-WindowSystem.X-Window簡介:Linux環境GUI標準1.稱呼方式:X,XWindow,X11,X11R6,X.org,XWindowSystem.2.X.org的起源組成元件:1.X-Server(X/usr/bin/Xorg)2.X-Clients:a.Windowmanager:TWM,Enlightenment,IceWM,FVWM,WindowMaker,…(lab1-1,lab1-2)b.Displaymanager:kdm,gdm,xdm…c.AnyforXuserapplications:totem,xclock,gcalctool,xeyes

2、,firefox,kmail,…d.DesktopEnvironment(a+b+c):KDE,GNOME,XFce,Afterstep…(lab2-1,lab2-2)於不同D.E.自動啟動xclientAPP.GlobalIndividualGNOME(lab2-1)/usr/share/gnome/autostart/ap_name.desktop~/.config/autostart/ap_name.desktopKDE(lab2-2)/usr/share/autostart/ap_name.desktop~/.kde/Autostart/soft_link_nameorscr

3、iptfileD.E.Type3.X-Protocol(serverlisten6000+display_num/tcp)4.X-library:thelowestlevelofprograminterfacesforXclientsandXserver.(Xlib,Motif,Qt,Gimplibrary…)5.X-Toolkit:usuallyit’sthe“IDE”(GTK,TCL/TK,Xt,OpenLookToolkit,MotifDevelopmentToolkit,XForms…)X-window架構及原理:Client/Server(lab3-1,lab3-2)X-w

4、indow優勢:1.跨平台(lab4-1)2.減少AP開發成本(multiserverstooneclient)3.善用網路上的硬體資源(heavyclient/thinserver)X-Server環摬的設定工具:system-config-display(lab5-1atNotestab)X-Server組態檔:/etc/X11/xorg.conf(lab5-2atNotestab)啟動X-WindowSystem的方式及啟動程序:(LAB3)1.runlevel5:/etc/inittab2.runlevel3:startx,xdm,kdm,gdm,自訂啟動(lab6-1)(l

5、ab6-2)安裝新的DesktopEnvironment:AfterStep(lab7atNotestab)XFS及安裝新的字型(lab8atNotestab)分析startxscript執行流程/usr/bin/startx/usr/bin/xinit/usr/bin/X~/.xinitrc個人的D.M.及Xclientsapps~/.Xclients/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc-common~/.Xclients-defaultYYNNTocodaLab6-1aLab6-1b分析startxscript執行流程(cont

6、.)/etc/X11/xinit/Xclients/etc/sysconfig/desktop/usr/X11R6/bin/twmGnomeinstalledKdeinstalledDefaultD.E.GnomesessionKdesessionYYYYNNNNcodaLab6-1cLab6-1d