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1、根际通气栽培对薄皮甜瓜生长及养分吸收的影响摘要:为探讨根际通气栽培对薄皮甜瓜生长及养分吸收的影响,以薄皮甜瓜'玉美人'为试材,在营养基质槽式栽培条件下,进行根际不同通气量(CK:不通气;h:20L•min-1;a:40L•min-1)处理,研究了薄皮甜瓜在不同根际通气量下植株生长和养分吸收的变化规律。结果表明,通气处理可以显著增加根际02浓度,降低根际C02浓度。处理第10d时,a和h处理株高分别较CK高出18%和8%。根长、根体积、根系活力和叶绿素(a+b)含量在处理第20d时,a和h处理分别较CK高14.94%、
2、43.69%.49.37%、19.35%和12.64%、21.83%、34.13%、11.52%。通气处理显著提高了甜瓜单瓜质量,a和h处理分别是CK的1.5倍和1.2倍。果实中可溶性固形物、蛋白质、维生素C和可溶性总糖含量均显著高于CK。通气栽培促进了根系对基质中碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾的吸收。在处理30d时,a和h处理基质中碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别比CK降低了23%、21%、21%和14%、14%、13%。合分析表明,在甜瓜果实发育期,a处理更有利于植株生长、果实发育及根系对养分的吸收。关键词:甜瓜;基质栽培
3、;根际通气;养分吸收Abstract:Inordertoinvestigatetheeffectsofrhizosphereaerationcultivationonthegrowthandnutrientabsorptionoforientalmelon,theorientalmelon'Yumeiren,wasusedasmaterialinthestudy,anddifferentrhizosphereventilationtreatments(CK:noaerationtreatment;h:20L•min-
4、1;a:40L•min-1)wereconductedundertheconditionsofnutrientmatrixgroovecultivation.Thevariationsofplantgrowthandnutrientabsorptionunderdifferentrhizosphereventilationwerestudied・Theresultsshowedthataerationtreatmentscouldsignificantlyincreasetheconcentrationofrhizo
5、sphere02andreducetheconcentrationofrhizosphereC02.Onthe10thdayoftreatment,theplantheightsoftreatmentsaandhwere18%and8%higherthanthoseofCK,respectively.Therootlength,rootvolume,rootactivityandchlorophyll(a+b)contentonthe20thdayoftreatment,aandhtreatmentswere14.9
6、4%,43.69%,49.37%,19.35%and12.64%,21.83%,34.13%,11.52%higherthantheCK,respectively.Aerationtreatmentssignificantlyincreasedsinglemelonfruitweight,aandhtreatmentswere1.5and1.2timesthatoftheck,respectively.Thecontentsofsolublesolid,protein,vitaminCandtotalsolubles
7、ugarinfruitsweresignificantlyhigherthanthoseinCK.Aerationcultivationpromotedtheabsorptionofavailablenitrogen,availablephosphorusandavailablepotassiumbytherootsystem.At30days,thecontentsofavailablenitrogen,availablephosphorus,andavailablepotassiuminmatrix,aandht
8、reatmentsreducedby23%,21%,21%,and14%,14%,13%comparedtock,respectively.Comprehensiveanalysisshowedthatthetreatmentawasmoreconducivetoplantgrowth,fruitdevelopment,androotabsor