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1、BackgroundItwasduringthemonthsofspring1819thathewrotemanyofhismajorodes.FollowingthemonthofMay1819,hebegantotackleotherformsofpoetry,includingaplay,somelongerpieces,andareturntohisunfinishedepic,Hyperion.Hisbrother'sfinancialwoescontinuedtoloomoverhim,and,asaresul
2、t,Keatshadlittleenergyorinclinationforcomposition,but,on19 September 1819,hemanagedtosqueezeoutToAutumn,hislastmajorworkandtheonethatrangthecurtaindownonhiscareerasapoetThemesAsthepoemprogresses,Autumnisrepresentedmetaphoricallyasonewhoconspires,whoripensfruit,who
3、harvests,whomakesmusic.Instanza1,Keatsdescribesautumnwithaseriesofspecific,concrete,andvividimages.ThestanzabeginswithautumnatthepeakoffulfillmentandcontinueswithanInitiallyautumnandthesun“loadandbless”byripeningthefruit.Buttheapplesbecomesonumerousthattheirweight
4、bendsthetrees;thegourds“swell”,andthehazelnuts“plump”.Keatspresentsusawonderfulpictureofthematurationofautumn.InthesecondstanzaAutumnispersonifiedasaharvester,[13]tobeseenbytheviewerinvariousguisesperforminglabouringtasksessentialtotheprovisionoffoodforthecomingye
5、ar.Thereisalackofdefinitiveaction,allmotionbeinggentle.Autumnisnotdepictedasactuallyharvestingbutasseated,restingorwatching.[12]Inlines14–15thepersonificationofAutumnisasanexhaustedlabourer.Neartheendofthestanza,thesteadinessofthegleanerinlines19–20againemphasises
6、amotionlessnesswithinthepoem.[14]Theprogressionthroughthedayisrevealedinactionsthatareallsuggestiveofthedrowsinessofafternoon:theharvestedgrainisbeingwinnowed,theharvesterisasleeporreturninghome,thelastdropsissuefromtheciderpress.[11]ThelaststanzacontrastsAutumn's
7、soundswiththoseofSpring.ThesoundsthatarepresentedarenotonlythoseofAutumnbutessentiallythegentlesoundsoftheevening.Gnatswailandlambsbleatinthedusk.Asnightapproacheswithinthefinalmomentsofthesong,deathisslowlyapproachingalongsideoftheendoftheyear.Thefull-grownlambs,
8、likethegrapes,gourdsandhazelnutswillbeharvestedforthewinter.Thetwitteringswallowsgatherfordeparture,leavingthefieldsbare.Thewhistlingred-breastandthechi
