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1、2018年秋季学期研究生课程考核研究报告考核科目:新能源及可再生能源利用技术学生所在（系）院：建筑学院学生所在学科:供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程学生姓名:谢尔盖学号:18SF34258学生类别:学术型考核结果阅卷人MAINTYPESOFALTERNATIVEENERGYANDPERSPECTIVESOFTHEIMPROVEMENT(SchoolofArchitecture,HarbinInstituteofTechnology)Abstract:Thisarticleexaminesthemainadvantagesanddisadvantag
2、esofalternativeenergysources,aswellasprospectsfortheirdevelopmentinthemodernworldKeywords:alternativeenergyresource,solarenergy,windenergy,waterenergy,theenergyofthewaves,currentenergyINTRODUCTIONScientistswarnaboutthepossibleexhaustionofknownandaccessibleforuseofoilandgasre
3、serves,aboutthedepletionofotherimportantresources:ironandcopperore,nickel,manganese,aluminum,chromium,etc.For40yearsaftertheSecondWorldWar,asmuchmineralrawmaterialswereusedasintheentireprevioushistoryofmankind・Ofcourse,itisstilltooearlytotalkaboutthecomplete(orabsolute)exhau
4、stionofresources(asthesearchactivitiesexpanded,reliablereservesofindividualresourcesevenincreased),butthisisapoorconsolation.Today,theworld'senergyisbasedonnon-renewableenergysources.Themainenergycarriersareoil,gasandcoal.Theimmediateprospectsforthedevelopmentofenergyareasso
5、ciatedwiththesearchforabetterratioofenergycarriersand,aboveall,inordertotrytoreducetheshareofliquidfuels.Butitcanbesaidthathumanityhasalreadyenteredatransitionalperiod・fromenergybasedonorganicnaturalresourcesthatarelimitedtoenergyonanalmostinexhaustiblebasis.Highhopesinthewo
6、rldareplacedontheso-calledalternativeenergysources,theadvantageofwhichliesintheirrenewabilityandinthefactthattheyareenvironmentallyfriendlyenergysources.Thedepletionofresourcesforcesustodevelopresource-savingpoliciesandmakeextensiveuseofsecondaryrawmaterials.Inmanycountriesh
7、ugeeffortsarebeingmadetosaveenergyandrawmaterials.Today,about1/3ofthetotalmassofmetalsusedintheworld・aluminum,copper,zinc,leadandtin-isextractedfromwasteandrecycledmaterials.Anumberofcountrieshaveadoptedstateenergysavingprograms.1・Geothermalenergy(heatoftheearth)Geothermalen
8、ergy・inaliteraltranslationmeans:theearth'sthermalenergy.ThevolumeoftheEarth
