6 数据库的启动与关闭

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1、数据库的启动与关闭数据库的体系结构DatabaseInstanceSGARedologbufferDatabuffercacheSharedpoolDatadict.cacheLibrarycachePMONDBW0SMONLGWRCKPTOthersUserprocessServerprocessPGAControlfilesDatafilesRedologfilesArchivedlogfilesParameterfilePasswordfileTheInitializationParameterFileControl_files参数与SGA设置

2、有关的参数initU15.oraSQL>CONNECT/ASSYSDBASQL>STARTUPPFILE=/DISK1/initU15.oraInstanceSGARedologbufferDatabuffercacheSharedpoolDatadict.cacheLibrarycachePMONDBWRSMONLGWRCKPTARCHUNIX和NT下的定位及默认名DefaultNameinitSID.oratextfileUNIX$ORACLE_HOME/dbsNT%ORACLE_HOMEora81databaseandPointto%ORACLE_

3、HOMEadminsidpfile控制文件控制文件：二进制文件，存储有关数据库状态的信息。包括：数据库名表空间信息所有数据文件的名字和位置所有日志文件的名字和位置当前的日志序列号检查点信息等注意：不能用操作系统命令更改控制文件内容，只能用ORACLE命令！！！！InitializationParameterFilesEntriesarespecifictotheinstancebeingstartedTwotypesofparameters:Explicit:HavinganentryinthefileImplicit:Noentrywithinthefil

4、e,butassumingtheOracledefaultvaluesMultipleinitializationparameterfilescanexistChangestoentriesinthefiletakeeffectbasedonthetypeofinitializationparameterfileused:Staticparameterfile,PFILEPersistentserverparameterfile,SPFILEPFILEinitSID.oraTextfileModifiedwithanoperatingsystemeditorMod

5、ificationsmademanuallyChangestakeeffectonthenextstartupOnlyopenedduringinstancestartupDefaultlocationis$ORACLE_HOME/dbs$ORACLE_HOME/DATABASECreatingaPFILECreatedfromasampleinit.orafileSampleinstalledbytheOracleUniversalInstallerCopysampleusingoperatingsystemcopycommandUniquelyidentifi

6、edbydatabaseSIDModifytheinitSID.oraEdittheparametersSpecifictodatabaseneedscpinit.ora$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initdba01.oraPFILEExample#InitializationParameterFile:initdba01.oradb_name=dba01instance_name=dba01control_files=(/home/dba01/ORADATA/u01/control01dba01.ctl,/home/dba01/ORADATA/u02/co

7、ntrol01dba02.ctl)db_block_size=4096db_cache_size=4Mshared_pool_size=50000000java_pool_size=50000000max_dump_file_size=10240background_dump_dest=/home/dba01/ADMIN/BDUMPuser_dump_dest=/home/dba01/ADMIN/UDUMPcore_dump_dest=/home/dba01/ADMIN/CDUMPundo_management=AUTOundo_tablespace=UNDOTB

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