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1、HEALTH&DISEASEPEACE&WAR炎症与损伤的修复InflammationandRepairByDr.S.J.YANGDepartmentofPatholgy,4thMilitaryMedicalUniversity学习内容炎症的概念(ConceptionofInflammation)病因(EtiologicAgents)局部表现和全身反应(LocalandSystemicManifestations–Signs&Symptoms)炎症的基本病理变化(MorphologicPatternsofInflamm
2、ation)急性性炎症类型及特点、发病机制(AcuteInflammationandPathogenesis)损伤的修复(Repair)慢性炎症及其类型和特点(ChronicInflammation)炎症的结局(PrognosisofInflammation)AulusCorneliusCelsusJohnHunterRudolfVirchowElieMetchnikoffPaulEhrlichThomas,LewisHISTORICALHIGHLIGHTS:"BigRobbins"lists,ormighthavel
3、isted....CorneliusCelsus(ancientRome)describedrubor(redness),calor(heat--thisappliesonlytotheskin),dolor(pain),andtumor(whichthensimplymeant"swelling")asthe"cardinalsignsofinflammation".JohnHunter(thegreatearlysurgeon,*1793,*parodiedbyWilliamBlakeas"JackTearguts
4、")firstcharacterizedinflammationasanonspecificbodyresponse.RudolfVirchowaddedfunctiolaesa(lossoffunction)asthefifthcardinalsignofinflammation,andhisstudent,JuliusCohnheim,providedthebasicstudiesofthepathologicmicroanatomyofinflammation.ElieMetchnikoff(*1892)wast
5、hefirsttoobserveandstudyphagocytosis.(*ThisisthesameMetchnikoffwhopopularizedyogurtasa"healthandlongevityfood".Hediedatage70.)PaulEhrlichdevelopedtheideaofhumoralimmunityearlyinthiscentury.(ThisisthesameEhrlichwhodevelopedthe"magicbullet"forsyphilis,andmostofthe
6、stainswestilluse.)ThomasLewisdemonstratedthatinflammationisbroughtaboutbychemicalmediators,mostofwhichactlocally.Someonemaystillaskyouaboutthe"tripleresponseofLewis"toasuperficialscratch:(1)animmediateredscratchmark;(2)aredflarearoundthescratchmark;(3)aredswolle
7、narea("wheal")aroundtheflare.(Tryit!)Dr.Lewisfoundthathecouldeliminatetheflare,butnottheothers,bycuttingtheautonomicnervesupply(i.e.,preventingthe"axonreflex").Thisexperimentledtothediscoveryofhistamine,whichmediatesevents1and3.InflammationDefinition各种致炎因子引起机体的组
8、织损伤所诱发的以防御为主的局部组织反应。(第一版）具有血管系统的活体组织对损伤因子所发生的防御反应。（第四版）Inflammationandrepair-Defensivereaction.Defensive?Defective?DefinitionbyBigRobbins“Inflammationisthereactionofl
