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ID:44073766
大小:169.30 KB
页数:21页
时间:2019-10-18
《十大经典心理学研究》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、1WhatAreBabiesWatching?ThefirststudyforyourconsiderationinthetoptenpsychologystudiesisbyRobertFantz,adevelopmentalpsychologist,anditisdeceptivelysimple.Likemanyofusstaringatyoungbabies,FantzwonderedhowmuchtheyunderstandabouttheworlcL"Theeyesoftinyinfantslookglazedandtheymostlyse
2、emconcernedwiththebarenecessitiesoflife.nTheeyesoftinyinfantslookglazedandtheymostlyseemconcernedwiththebarenecessitiesoflife.Whatdotheyunderstandabouttheworldandhowcanyoupossiblyfindout,giventhatbabiesarenotsohotonansweringcomplexquestionsabouttheirperceptualabilities?In1961,wh
3、enFantzcarriedouthisexperiment,therewasn'tmuchyoucoulddotofindoutwhatwasgoingoninababy'shead-otherthanwatch.Andwatchingthebabyiswhathedid.Anenduringfeatureofhumannatureisifthere'ssomethingofinterestnearus,wegenerallylookatit.SoFantzsetupadisplayboardabovethebabytowhichwereattach
4、edtwopictures(Fantz,1961).Ononewasabulls-eyeandontheotherwasthesketchofahumanface.Then,frombehindtheboard,invisibletothebaby,hepeekedthroughaholetowatchwhatthebabylookedat.Resultsatvvo-niontholdbabylookedtwiceasmuchatthehumanfaceasitdidatthebulls-eye.HWhathefoundwasthatatvvo-mon
5、tholdbabylookedtwiceasmuchatthehumanfaceasitdidatthebulls-eye.Thissuggestedthathumanbabieshavesomepowersofpatternandformselection.Beforethisitwasthoughtthatbabieslookedoutontoachaoticworldofwhichtheycouldmakelittlesense.Inmodernpsychologythedescendentsofthisexperimentarestilluse
6、dtodaytofindoutwhatbabiesunderstandabouttheworld.Thesehavediscoveredthatwefreremarkablyearlydevelopers-Atonemonthvvecanfollowaslow-movingobject-Attwomonthswecanmovebothoureyestogetherandbegintoappreciatehowfarawaythingsare.Atthreemonthswecantellthedifferencebetweenmembersofourfa
7、mily(Hunt,1993).Asaresultoftheseandsimilarstudies,psychologistshavesuggestedthatwearebornwithadefinitepreferenceforviewinghumanfaces.Thiswouldcertainlymakeevolutionarysenseasotherhumanfacesholdallsortsofusefulinformationwhichisvitalforoursurvival.Notabadsetofconclusionsfromsimpl
8、ywatchingababy'seyes!SoRobertFantzisthefirstnor
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