后鼓室解剖结构测量观察及临床意义

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1、厉鼓室解剖结构测量观察及临床意义作者：刘艳,刘新义，王金平,李人健单位：青岛大学医学院附属威海医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科，山东威海264200【关键词】后鼓室；应用解剖；面神经隐窝；面神经A(l.DepartmentofOtolaiyngology&HeadandNeckSurgery,WeihaiHospital,MedicalCollegeofQingdaoUniversity,Weihai264200,Shandong,China;2.DepartmentofAnatomy,WeifangMedicalCollege,Weifang261042,Sha

2、ndong,China)Tomeasurestructuresoftheposteriortympanumandthustoprovidetheoreticalreferenceforoperationapproachrelatedtothemiddleear.Methods60sidesof30drytemporalbonespecimenshadtheirmastoidsoutlinedbyanelectricdrill,andthentherelatedstructureoftheposteriortympanumwasexposed.Distanceso

3、ftherelatedanatomicstructuresweredeterminedundersurgicalmicroscopy.ResultsDistancesbetweenpyramidaleminenceandchordaleminenceandthefacialcanalwere3.22±0.41?mmand3.59±0.48?mm,andlengthofthetympanicchordaposteriortubuleswas9.44±1.65?mm.Distancesbetweenpyramidsegmen

4、tofthefacialcanalandchordaleminence,lateralsemicircularcanalandposteriorsemicircularcanalwere3.34?mm±0.42?mm,1.54±0・25?mmand2.15±0.29?mm,respective!y.Theverticalsegmentofthefacialnervewentdownontheconvexarcandverticallywentdownonlyin2cases(3.3±3%)

5、lusstapediusallpassedthroughthefrontwallofthefacialnerve.Thetympanicchordanervecamefromthefacialnerve,outsidethecanalin9cases(15%),fromtheinferioronethirdin49cases(81.67%),andfromthemiddleonethirdin2cases(3.33%).ConclusionWhenthefacialrecessisopened,distancefromthechordaleminencetoth

6、epyramidsegmentandthepyramidaleminencecanberegardedasthewidthofthefacialrecess・Thepyramidaleminenceandthefacialcanalareregardedasthebasisforsearchingforeachother.Pyramidaleminenceandchordaleminenceshouldnotbelowlyabradedinordertoavoiddamagingthemusculusstapediusandchordatympaninervew

7、hendealingwithafacialrecesslesion.Keywords:Posteriortympanum;Appliedanatomy;Facialrecess;Facialnerve后鼓室作为中耳构造的重耍部分，其解剖结构与多种临床手术入路密切相关，如面神经管减压术、鼓室成形术、电子耳蜗植入术、耳硬化症手术等[14]o2006年7月至2007年7月，我们通过解剖颍骨标木，对厉鼓室入路中的各种相关解剖结构进行观察和测量，力求得到更加精确的数据，为临床于•术提供参考，并对其临床意义进行探讨。1资料与方法1」材料采用潍坊医学院解剖教研室库存成人30个

8、十性颅骨的60侧颖骨(左