ASHRAE.HandBook_11-2008 DISTRICT HEATING AND COOLING

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1、RelatedCommercialResourcesCHAPTER11DISTRICTHEATINGANDCOOLINGBenefits.....................................................................................11.1ExpansionProvisions.............................................................11.18ProducerEco

2、nomics................................................................11.2DistributionSystemConstruction..........................................11.18CENTRALPLANT...................................................................11.3CONSUMERINTERCONNEC

3、TIONS...................................11.27HeatingandCoolingProduction.............................................11.3Components............................................................................11.28DistributionDesignConsiderations.........

4、...............................11.5HeatingConnections..............................................................11.30DISTRIBUTIONSYSTEM........................................................11.6Chilled-WaterConnections...............................

5、.....................11.32HydraulicConsiderations........................................................11.6TemperatureDifferentialControl...........................................11.33ThermalConsiderations.............................................

6、..............11.8Metering.................................................................................11.33MethodsofHeatTransferAnalysis..........................................11.9OperationandMaintenance...........................................

7、.......11.34DISTRICTheatingandcooling(DHC)distributesthermalenergyFig.1MajorComponentsofDistrictHeatingSystemfromacentralsourcetoresidential,commercial,and/orindus-trialconsumersforuseinspaceheating,cooling,waterheating,and/orprocessheating.Theenergyisd

8、istributedbysteamorhot-orchilled-waterlines.Thus,thermalenergycomesfromadistributionmediumratherthanbeinggeneratedonsiteateachfacility.Whetherthesystemisapublicutilityoruserowned,suchasamultibuildingcampus,ithaseconomicandenviron