ACI 357.1R-91State-of-the-Art Report on Offshore Concrete Structures

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1、ACI357.1R-91(Reapproved1997)Anabstract:State-of-the-ArtReportonOffshoreConcreteStructuresfortheArcticReportedbyACICommittee357GeorgeC.HoffWilliamJ.CichanskiChairmanSecretaryJalN.BirdyGeorgeF.DavenportRichardW.LittonCharlesE.SmithIrvinB.BoazJosephA.DobrowolskiJohnP.LloydThomasG.WeilAntho

2、nyD.BoydAnthonyE.FioratoJohnS.PriedemanAlfredA.YeeTheodoreW.BremnerSveinFjeldKarlH.RungeMichaelRojanskyValeryM.BuslovGeorgeFotinosB.P.MalcolmSharplesRogerA.CampbellMichaelP.GillenRamSisodiyaThereportbringstogethertherelevantexperiencecurrentlyavailableindesigningandbuildingoffshorearcti

3、cconcretestructures.Designcriteriahavebeenhighlighted,problemareasdiscussedandfutureresearchneedsidentified.Thedocumnentisaimedprincipallyatthearcticandsub-articareasborderingtheUnitedStatesandCanadiancoastlines(Fig.1).Thearcticenvironmentanditsinfluenceonstructuresareidentified.Typical

4、environmentalandgeotechnicalconditions,typesoficefeaturesandeffortsonicesurveillanceandicemeasurementsarediscussed.Existingandproposedformsofarcticstructuresaredescribed.Designcriteria,materialsdurabilityinthearcticenvironmentandeffectsofcoatingsonreducingiceadhesionandfrictionarediscus

5、sedtogetherwithspecialconsiderationsforstructuralandfoundationdesign.Constructionmethods,materialsandspecialfeaturesofrecentlycompletedarcticstructureshavebeendescribed.Marineoperationsassociatedwiththesafetransportandinstallationofarcticconcretestructuresareaddressed.Maintenance,inspec

6、tionandrepairtechniqueswhichmaybeusedinrelationtoarcticstructuresarediscussed.Finally,researchanddevelopmentneedstofurtherimprovethedesignofarcticconcretestructuresareidentified.Keywords:abrasionresistance;adhesion;admixtures;aggregates;arcticregions;bridgepiers;caissons;chemicalattack;

7、coldweatherconstruction;concreteconstruction;concretedurability;corrosion;damage;earthquakeresistantstructures;failuremechanisms;founda-tions;freeze-thawdurability;friction;grouting;harborstructures;ice;icebergs;inserts;inspection;installing;limitstatedesign;maintenance;marinea