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ID:43973183
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页数:33页
时间:2019-10-17
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1、RefractionofLightform3PhysicsProject陳達權chantatkuenf.3d(5)OutlineBendingLightApparentDepthInsidereflectionsLightLightisnotonlywhatoureyescansee.Ingeneralwecalleverythingintheelectromagneticspectrum–gammaraysandX-raysdowntomicrowavesandradiowaves–light:Wecanthinkoflightaswaveorparticl
2、es–ithaswavelengthsandfrequenciesandconsistsofphotons.bendinglightWhydoesthepencil/chopstickappearbent?Lightrayisbentasitpassesfromonemediumtoanother.Itisduetolighttravellingatdifferentspeedsinthetwomedia.Itiscalledrefractionoflight.bendinglightAsaresult,theraykeepsthesamedirectiona
3、sbeforebutislaterallydisplaced.Therayisnotbentonlywhenithitstheblockatrightangle.densityofmediumMediumAtransparentmaterialthroughwhichlighttravelsWhenlightpassesfromalessdensetoadensermedium,itisbenttowardsthenormal.densityofmediumWhenlightpassesfromadensertoalessdensemedium,itisben
4、tawayfromthenormal.siniisdirectlyproportionaltosinrwhilei=angleofincidence&r=angleofrefractionlawsofrefractionWhenarayoflightpassesfromonemediumtoanother,theincidentray,therefractedrayandthenormalalllieinthesameplane,sinisinrwhichiscalledSnell’sLawSnell’sLawwasdiscoveredbySnell,aD
5、utchscientist,in1621andsowasnamedafterhim.isaconstantrefractiveindexTherefractiveindexofamediumissinisinrwhereiandraretheangleofincidenceandangleofrefractionrespectivelywhenarayoflightentersthemediumfromair.RefractiveindicesofvariousmaterialsMaterialRefractiveindexGlass1.50–1.70Wate
6、r1.33Perspex1.50Diamond2.42Example1Arayoflightpassesfromwaterintoglass.Givenangleofincidenceis30º.1.33sin30º=1.5sinrwherer=angleofrefractionr=26.3ºExample2Alightbeamentersapieceofglassfromthevacuumat60ºfromthenormalasshownandbendsto45ºfromthenormalonceinsidetheglass.nsin(45º)=sin60º
7、wheren=indexofrefractionoftheglassn=1.22Aprismisablockofglassorothertransparentmaterial,usuallyhavingatriangularbase.Whenabeamofnarrowwhitelightpassesthroughaprism,thebeamisrefractedandsplitsintoallthecoloursoftherainbow.Theeffectiscalleddispersion.RefractionbyaPrismredorangeyellowg
8、reenblueindigoviole
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