计算机专业英语 王凤岭 第二章

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1、IntroductionandDevelopmentofComputerUNITTWOLessonOnetheCentralProcessingUnitLessonTwoIntroductionofMemoryLessonThreeInput/OutputdevicesLessonOnetheCentralProcessingUnitTheCPUstandsforCentralProcessingUnit.TheCPUcoordinatesalltheactivitiesofthevariouscomponentsofthecomputer.Itdete

2、rmineswhichoperationsshouldbecarriedoutandinwhatorder.TheCPUcanalsoretrieveinformationformmemoryandstoretheresultsofmanipulationsbackintothememoryunitforlaterreference.coordinatevt.调整，整理activityn.活跃，行动variousadj.各种各样的determinev.决定，确定operationn.操作，运转carryout执行ordern.顺序，命令；v.命令retr

3、ieven.找回；v.重新得到referencen.提及，参考Theprocessorcontainsfourkeycomponents:aclock,aninstructioncontrolunit,anarithmeticandlogicunit,andasetofregisters.ThespeedatwhichtheCPUoperatesiscalledtheclockspeedandismeasuredinmegahertz(MHz).AclockcycleisthetimethattheCPUtakestoperforminstruction

4、satagivenclockspeed.Clockcyclesaremeasuredinnanoseconds(ns).aclock一个时钟instructioncontrolunit指令控制单元arithmeticandlogicunit算术逻辑单元register寄存器megahertz兆赫clockcycle时钟周期Nanoseconds纳秒Thearithmeticandlogicunitexecutesthatinstruction.Itconsistsofthecircuitsthatadd,subtract,multiply,divide,

5、compare,copy,andinitiateinputoroutputthecomputer’sinstructionset.Registersaretemporarystoragedevicesthatholdcontrolinformation,keydata,andintermediateresults.Subtract减去Multiply乘，繁殖Divide除Compare比较initiate开始intermediateresult中间结果WhenyoubuyaPCoraCPU,youmustpayattentiontosomeindexes

6、oftheCPU.Mainfrequencyorinternalfrequency:Externalfrequency:CPUratio:1.Askingawoman‘sageisimpoliteinmycountry.在我们国家，问女士的年龄不礼貌的。2.Meetingnewpeoplemakesmenervous.与陌生人见面使我很紧张。3.Workinghardwillproducegoodresults.努力工作将产生好结果。4.Makingmoneyiseverybody'sdream.赚钱是每个人的梦想。5.Complainingdoesn'

7、tsolveproblems.抱怨解决不了问题。6.Fallinginloveiseasy.Stayinginloveishard.一见钟情很容易，长相厮守很难。英语口语练习材料Theterm‘memory’isusuallyusedtorefertotheinternalstoragelocationsofacomputer.Itisalsocalledrealstorageorprimarymemory,andisexpressedasquantitiesofK.EachKisequalto1,024bytes,andeachbyteisequalt

8、o8bits.Themicrocomputer’smemoryconsistso