商务英语综合教程(下册)Unit3BusinessLaw-ContractandAgency

商务英语综合教程(下册)Unit3BusinessLaw-ContractandAgency

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1、UnitThreeBusinessLaw--ContractandAgencyIntroductionBusinesslawisanimportantpartoflegalsystem.Mostlegalissuesconfrontedbybusinessesfailintooneofbusinesslaw:contract,tort,property,agency,commercialorbankruptcylaw.Theseareascoverawiderangeofbusinessactivity.TextExercisesRelatedTechnicalTermsGrammar1Bus

2、inesslaw—alsocalledcommerciallaw,ormercantilelaw—isnotrecognizedspeciallyasabranchofcommonlaw,but,inpopularusage,isfrequentlyanomnibustermgiventotitlesoftextbooksandacademiccoursesonsuchcommercialsubjectsascontract,agency,commercialtransactions,bankruptcy,andlabour.Text2Acontract,inthesimplestdefini

3、tion,isapromiseenforceablebylaw.Thepromisemaybetodosomethingortorefrainfromdoingsomething.Themakingofacontractrequiresthemutualassentoftwoormorepersons,oneofthemordinarilymakinganofferandanotheraccepting.Ifoneofthepartiesfailstokeepthepromise,theotherisentitledtolegalresourseagainsthim.Thelawofcontr

4、actsconsiderssuchquestionsaswhetheracontractexists,whatthemeaningofitis,whetheracontracthasbeenbroken,andwhatcompensationtheinjuredpartyisentitledtohave.Text3Contractlawseekspartiestoprotectanagreementnotonlybyrequiringformalities,butinmanyotherwaysaswell.Thusrulesrespectingdeceit,fraud,andundueinfl

5、uencearedesignedtoensurethatcontractualobligationsareassumedfreelyandwithoutonepartymisleadingtheother.Otherrulesregulatethemodificationofongoingcontractualrelationswithaviewtopreventingapartywithconsiderablebargainingpowerwithunfairlyimposingchangesinthecontract.Thelawallowsalsocontractualrelationt

6、obeadjustedwhentheyhavebeenthrownoutofbalancebyunforeseencircumstances.Thetaskofadjustmentcanbecomemoreintractablewhentheerrorischargeabletoonlyoneparty.Thesolutionsreachedforsuchsituationsarecomplexanddefygeneralstatement.Text4Thelawofagencygovernsthelegalrelationshipinwhichoneperson(theagent)deals

7、withanother(thirdparty)onbehalfofstillanother(theprincipal).Thus,theprocessofconcludingacontractthroughanagentinvolvesatwofoldrelationship.Ontheonehand,thelawofagencyisconcernedwiththeexternalbusiness

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