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1、•Thetopicisabout_sp_a_c_e_a_n_d_u_n_i_ve_r_s_e_______.•Doyouknowanyfamouspersoninthisfield?ZhangHengPtolemyStephenhawkingHubbleGalileoCopernicusCopernicus•哥白尼(NicolausCopernicus,1473-1543),波兰天文学家、日心说创立者,近代天文学的奠基人。哥白尼经过长期的天文观测和研究,创立了更为科学的宇宙结构体系——日心说,从此否定了在西方统治达一千多年的地心说
2、。日心说经历了艰苦的斗争后,才为人们所接受,这是天文学上一次伟大的革命,不仅引起了人类宇宙观的重大革新,而且从根本上动摇了欧洲中世纪宗教神学的理论支柱。“从此自然科学便开始从神学中解放出来”,“科学的发展从此便大踏步前进”（恩格斯《自然辩证法》）。•哥白尼著有阐述日心说的《天体运行论》(1543年出版),由于受到时代的局限,在日心说中保留了所谓“完美的”圆形轨道等论点。其后开普勒建立行星运动三定律,牛顿发现万有引力定律，以及行星光行差、视差相继发现,日心说遂建立在更加稳固的科学基础上。Reading-I----skimming(2
3、m)Skimthetextanddrawthetwotheoriesoftheuniversewiththefollowingpictures.SunearthBeforeCopernicus’theoryShowingCopernicus’theoryReading-I----skimming(2m)Skimthetextanddrawthetwotheoriesoftheuniversewiththefollowingpictures.SunearthBeforeCopernicus’theoryShowingCopernic
4、us’theorySunSunearthearthReading-II----detailedreading(2m)Readthetextandanswerthefollowingquestion.1.WhatconclusiondidCopernicus’mathematicalcalculationsleadto?2.Whycouldn’thetellanyoneaboutthetheory?3.HowmanyyearsdidCopernicusworkontheproblemtocompletehistheory?4.Whe
5、ndidCopernicuspublishhistheory?5.Doyouthinkit’srightforCopernicustopublishhistheorythatlate?WhatconclusiondidCopernicus’mathematicalcalculationsleadto?Hismathematicalcalculationsledtotheconclusion:thattheearthwasnotthecenterofthesolarsystem.2.Whycouldn’thetellanyoneab
6、outthetheory?BecausethepowerfulChristianChurchwouldhavepunishedhimforevensuggestingsuchanidea.3.HowmanyyearsdidCopernicusworkontheproblemtocompletehistheory?4years.4.WhendidCopernicuspublishhistheory?Hepublishedhistheoryashelaydyingin1543.5.Doyouthinkit’srightforCoper
7、nicustopublishhistheorythatlate?Readcarefullyagainandtrytodrawthetwotheoriesoftheuniverse.BeforeCopernicus’ShowingCopernicus’theorytheoryAdiagramshowingAdiagramshowingthesolarsystemthesolarsystemwithwiththeEarthatitstheSunatitscentrecentreReadthroughthepassage,andtell
8、whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.AtCopernicus’time,ChristianChurchwasinchargeofTmanywesterncountries.2.Copernicus
