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1、专题技能突破(11)(短文改错之细品单词、分析句子，纠正“词法”“句法”错误【技能讲解】认真读每一句，分析每个词使用是否正确。名词的数与格，名词前该不该用冠词、用什么冠词，固定搭配是否完整、正确，有无缺少或多余介词，形容词、副词及其比较等级是否混用等。,分析句子，检查三大从句的引导词是否符合语法规则，如定语从句的引导词that,which,who,where等的使用是否正确，名词性从句的引导词that和what是否混用，状语从句的使用是否把although和but,because和so重复使用。检查感叹句的感
2、叹词what,how使用是否正确。此外，分析句子的主语谓语在数上是否一致，特别是定语从句中的谓语动词单复数，是否和作主语的关系代词所指定的名词单复数一致。典例剖析1.［2015-课标全国卷丨［Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted・［答案］on—with考查介词。with表示“随着”。2.［2015-课标全国卷II］Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.［答案］on—in考查介词
3、。Tony是“在商店橱窗(shopwindow)里”看到了玩具，故用in。3.［2015-课标全国卷I］NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside・［答案］countryside前加the考查冠词。inthecountryside"在乡下/农村”为固定表达。4.［2016-河南、河北、山西质检］Thisalsogivestheschoolauthoritiesgreatpressuresonmeetingtheneedofacademiclevels.［答案
4、］pressurespressure考查不可数名词pressureo常见的不可数名词还有:information,news,advice,furniture,baggage,equipment等。1.［2015・课标全国卷II］Afterlookingatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.［答案］where—that或去掉where考查宾语从句引导词。此处宾语从句不缺成分且意思完整，故用that引导，that也
5、可省略。2.Howawonderfulworldheleadsusto.
6、答案］HowWhat考查感叹句式。how后加形容词，what后加名词，awonderfulworld为名词短语，因此用what。3.ThecapitalcityisLhasa,whatishonoredas“Thehighestcityintheworld".［答案］what^which考查定语从句引导词。what不是定语从句的引导词，在非限制性定语从句中作主语且指物Lhasa的关系代词只能用whicho8・Obeyingthetraf
7、ficrulesarewhatallofusshouldpayattentiontoparticularly.［答案］are->is考查主谓一致。由动名词、动词不定式、从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Obeyingthetrafficrules是动名词短语作主语，因此谓语动词用单数。技能演练单句改错1・Itwasgettingdark,soheleftthereinthehurryandjumpedintoacar.答案：the—a2.Heissuchlearnedpersonthatwealladmirehi
8、mverymuch.答案:such后加a3・Underhishelp,we*velearnedhowtoanalyzeandsettleproblems.答案：Under-With4・Withouthesitation,Jackmadeaimmediatedivefortherobberandcontrolledhimbyholdinghimdownagainsttheground.答案：Lan5・Insteadofgivingusanswersimmediate,heencouragesustothinkb
9、yourselveswheneverheputsforwardquestions・答案:immediate-^immediately6・Althoughshereceivedlittleschooleducation,butsheisawarethatknowledgeisofgreatimportancetoyoungpeople.答案：去掉but7・Ifyounoticethatwhensome
