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1、动脉系统ArterialsystemJanuary,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG动脉示意图January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG第一部分动脉总论January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatom
2、y,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG动脉总论动脉的定义动脉的分布规律January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG一、动脉的定义动脉(artery):指从心脏起始输送血液到全身各器官的血管。由左心室发出的主动脉及各级分支运送动脉血；由右心室发出的肺动脉干及其分支则输送静脉血。动脉干的
3、分支，离开主干入器官前的一段称为器官外动脉，入器官后叫器官内动脉。January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG二、动脉的分布规律器官外动脉的分布规律器官内动脉的分布规律January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG上下肢的
4、供血动脉January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG动脉血管分布特点January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG动脉血管分布特点January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofM
5、edicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG2.器官内动脉的分布规律器官内动脉的分布与器官的构造有关，结构相似的器官其动脉分布状况大致相同。实质性器官：放射型、纵行型和集中型中空性器官：放射型、纵行型和横行型分叶状器官：放射型肌：沿肌纤维束走行January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG动脉血管分布特点Janu
6、ary,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG第二部分动脉各论January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG动脉的分类肺循环的动脉体循环的动脉January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,Schoolof
7、Medicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG肺循环的动脉肺动脉(pulmonarytrunk)位于心包内，系一粗短的动脉干。起于右心室，在升主动脉前方向左后上方斜行，至主动脉弓下分左、右肺动脉。经再次分支后进入左、右肺相应肺叶。动脉韧带（arterialligament）动脉导管闭锁遗迹，由肺动脉干分叉处稍左连于主动脉弓下缘。January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.A
8、llrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG体循环的动脉左颈总动脉左锁骨下动脉↖↗↗左髂总动脉→髂内动脉左心室→升主动脉→主动脉弓→降主动脉><↓
