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1、THEGREATWALLFromShanhaiguan,northeastofQinhuangdaoCity,HebeiProvinceintheeastcoast,theGreatWallrisesandfallswiththecontoursofthemountainswestward,crossingtheprovinces,municipalitiesandautonomousregionsofLiaoning,Hebei,Tianjin,Beijing,Shanxi,InnerMongolia,Shaanxi,NingxiaandGansufor6,700kilometers
2、,toendatJiayuguan,southwestofJiayuguanCityinGansuProvince. TheconstructionofthewallbeganduringtheSpringandAutumnperiod(770-476BC)andWarringStatesperiod(475-221BC)duringtheEasternZhouDynasty.Ducalstatesatthattimebuiltwallstodefendtheirownterritories.AftertheFirstEmperoroftheQinDynastycrushedallri
3、valstates,hefoundedthefirstcentralizedandunifieddynastyinChinesehistory.Toconsolidatethecountryandwardoffinvasionbyethnicminoritytribesinthenorth,hehadthewallslinkedandextended,givingrisetothe5,000-kilometer-longQinGreatWall.LaterdynastiesfromHan(206BC–AD220)toMing(1368-1644)keptbuildingandimpro
4、vingthewall,extendingitmorethan1,000kilometerstotoday‘sscale. TheGreatWallcompriseswalls,passes,watchtowers,castlesandfortresses.Thewallsaremadeoflargestonestrips.Fromeasttowest,thesectionsatShanhaiguan,Jinshanling,Mutianyu,BadalingandJiayuguanhavebecometouristattractions.TheGreatWallweseetodaym
5、ostlydatesbacktotheMingDynasty.Thebest-preservedandmostimposingsectionisatBadalinginBeijing.Thesection,locatedoutsidetheJuyongguanPass,ismadeoflargebluebricksandhasanaverageheightof7.8meters.Fivetosixhorsescanberiddenabreastalongit.Atregularintervalsthereisanarcheddoorleadingtothetopofthewall.Th
6、ewallsarecoveredwithmanylookoutholes,windowembrasuresandcastellatedcrenels.Beacontowerswerealsobuiltatfixedintervalsforpassingonmilitaryinformation.AlltheseindicatetheimportantroleoftheGreatWallinmilitarydefense.Asoneofthemostmagnificentancientdefenseworks,theGreatWallisknownasoneofthewondersoft
7、heworld.Alltouristsnowknowthesaying,"YouarenotarealpersonuntilyouhaveclimbedtheGreatWall."TheGreatWallwasputontheworldculturalheritagelistin1987.
