人体解剖学respiratary system

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1、Chapter4TheRespiratorySystem主讲人李文春TheGeneralDescriptionCompositionRespiratorytractNosePharynxupperrespiratorytractLarynxTrachealowerrespiratorytractBronchiPairedLungsFunctionUpSection1TheNose鼻I.Externalnose:RootofnoseBackofnoseApexofnoseAlaeofnasiII.Nasalcavity–dividedintotwohalvesbythe

2、nasalseptumLittleregionUpTwoparts:Nasalvestibule.PropernasalcavityLateralwallNasalconchaeNasalmeatusSphenoethmoidalrecessUpRemovethemiddlenasalconchaeSemilunarhiatusEthmoidalinfundibulumEthmoidalbullaNasolacrimalcanalUpMucousmembraneofnoseOlfactoryregion嗅区Respiratoryregion呼吸区UpFrontalsin

3、usEthmoidalsinusesSphenoidsinusMaxillarysinusIII.TheparanasalsinusesandtheirsiteofdrainageintothenoseUpSection2TheLarynx喉Position－situatedintheanteriorpartoftheneck(belowthehyoidbone),andextendsfromvertebrallevelofC3toC6UpI.Layngealcartilages(I)ThyroidcartilageShield-shapedcartilageLaryn

4、gealprominence(II)CricoidcartilageCompleteringofcartilage(shapedlikeasignetring)Up(III)ArytenoidPaired,pyramidshaped(IV)Epiglotticcartilageleaf-shapedelasticcartilageUpII.LaryngealjointsThyrohyroidmembranecricothyroidjointcricoarytenoidjointUpQuadrangularmembraneConuselasticusvocalligame

5、ntMediancricothyroidligmentCricotrachealligamentUpIII.MusclesoflarynxIV.Laryngealcavity(I)Apertureoflarynx－boundedbyupperborderepiglotticcartilage,aryepiglotticfoldsandinterarytenoidnotchUpStructurefeaturesTwofolds:VestibularfoldsVocalfoldsTwofissuresRimavestibulitheFissureofglottisInter

6、membranouspartIntercartilagrnouspartUp(II)ThreepartsLaryngealvestibuleIntermedialcavityoflarynxVentricleoflarynxInfraglotticcavityUpSection3TheTracheaandBronchiPositionStructurefeaturesConsistsofabout16－20C-shapedincompletetrachealcartilagesCarinaoftracheaI.TracheaUpII.BronchiRightprinci

7、palbronchusShorter,wider,andmoreverticalLeftprincipalbronchusNarrower,longer,andmorehorizontalUpSection4TheLungsPositionGeneralfeaturesCone-shapedAnApexoflungABaseoflungThreesurfacesThreebordersUpMedialsurfaceHilumoflungRootoflungOrderofstructuresFrombeforebackward:V.A.B.