人体解剖学joint 2

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1、Jointsoflimbs主讲人季艳梅Ⅰ.JointsofupperlimbⅠ)Jointsofshouldergirdle1.Sternoclavicularjoint胸锁关节1)Composition:sternalendofclavicle,clavicularnotchofsternum,andthefirstcostalcartilage2)Feature:Articularcapsule:strongAnarticulardiscdividesthejointintotwocavities.3)MovementsUpdown2.Acromi

2、oclavicularjoint肩锁关节3.Coracoacromialligament喙肩韧带downUpⅡ)Jointsoffreeupperlimb1.Shoulderjoint肩关节(ballandsocket)1)Composition:headofhumerusandglenoidcavityofscapula2)Feature:ArticularsurfaceCapsule:ThinandlaxAttachmentsTendonoflongheadofbicepsbrachiidownUpGlenoidlabrum盂唇:Coracohum

3、eralligament喙肱韧带3)Movements:flexion,extension,adduction,abduction,medialandlateralrotation,circumductiondownUp头大盂小囊松薄最易发生前下脱downUp2.Elbowjoint肘关节1)Composition:lowerendofhumerus,upperendsofradiusandulna1.Humeroulnarjoint肱尺关节2.Humeroradialjoint肱桡关节3.Proximalradioulnarjoint桡尺近侧关节2)

4、Feature:Capsule:thinandlaxanteriorlyandposteriorly,stronglythickenedoneithersidebycollateralligamentsdownUpLigaments:1.Radialcollacteralligament桡侧副韧带:2.Ulnarcollacteralligament尺侧副韧带:3.Annularligamentofradius桡骨环状韧带:3)Movements:flexionandextension,pronationandsupinationdownUpDislo

5、cationdownUp3.JointsbetweenradiusandulnarProximalradioulnarjoint桡尺近侧关节Distalradioulnarjoint桡尺远侧关节Interosseousmembraneofforearm前臂骨间膜downUp4.Jointsofhand1)Radiocarpaljoint桡腕关节(ellipsoid)(1)CompositionCarpalarticularsurfaceofradiusandarticulardiscProximalrowofcarpalbutnotpisiform(2

6、)Feature:Capsule:laxandstrengthenedbysurroundingligaments(3)MovementsdownUp2)Intercarpaljoints3)Carpometacarpaljoints:★Carpometacarpaljointofthumb拇指腕掌关节(1)Composition:trapeziumandbaseofthefirstmetacarpal(2)Movement:flexion,extension,adduction,abduction,andopposition4)Metacarpoph

7、alangealjoints5)Intermetacarpaljoints6)InterphalangealjointsdownUpⅡ.JointsofLowerlimbⅠ)Jointsofpelvicgirdle1.Sacroiliacjoint骶髂关节1)Composition:auricularsurfaceofsacrumandilium2)Feature:Capsule:verytightandstrengthenedbyligamentsdownUp2.Vertebropelvicligaments1)Iliolumballigament髂

8、腰韧带:2)Sacrotuberousligament骶结节韧带3)Sacrospinousl