2020版高考英语一轮复习Module5Cloning练习（含解析）外研版选修6

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1、Module5　CloningⅠ.话题延读(2018山东威海二模)It’shair-raisingnewsforcriminalsontherun.Scientistsbehindanewstudyhaveworkedouthowtoidentifyindividualsonlybasedontheproteins(蛋白质)inasinglestrandoftheirhair.WhilethepolicealreadylookatDNAfromhairaspartofinvestigations,thetechniqueisfarfrom

2、ideal:DNAiseasilydegradable,meaningitcanonlybeanalysedwithinacertaintimeperiodafterthecrime.Butthenewtechniquecouldevenbeusedtosolvehistoricalorarchaeologicalcases,makingitfarsuperiortoDNAsequencinginmanyways.DNAdegradationdependsonseveralenvironmentalfactorsincludingtemp

3、erature,humidityandPH.Itisalsoaffectedbytheactivityofbacteriaandothermicroorganisms.Incontrast,actualhairscansurviveforalongtime—sometimescenturies.Afterbonesandteeth,hairisinfactoneofthemostresistantstructuresofthehumanbody.Inordertounderstandhowtheproteincanbeusedtoiden

4、tifyindividuals,itisimportanttounderstandthatproteinsarecodedbyDNA.Thismeansthatacertainlevelofthegeneticvariationthatweseeindifferentpeople’sDNApassesintotheirproteins.Infact,geneticinformationintheDNAistranslatedintoamino-acidchainsthatmakeupproteins.　　Themethodnotonlya

5、llowsforhumanidentificationbutitcanalsorevealhowoldthesampleisandwhatregionitcomesfrom,sothatwecandistinguishbetweencurrentandancientsamples.Butwhilethediscoveryisexciting,thetechniqueisnotquitepolishedenoughtobeusedinthecourtroom.Themaintasknowwillbetoanalysehairsamplesf

6、romallovertheworld,whichwillmakeitalotmorereliable.　　Thenewdiscoverywillboostthesignificanceofhairasevidenceincourts,atatimewhensomeforensic(司法鉴定的)disciplineshavebeencriticisedintheUS.Itwillalsobeofgreatuseinarchaeology.1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.DNAevidenceisfarfr

7、omideal.B.Criminalsontherungethair-raisingnews.C.Scientistsareplanningatestofhumanhair.D.Humanscanbeidentifiedbyproteinsinhair.2.Whichevidenceismorereliableforthepolicetoidentifyacriminal?A.Lostteeth.B.Thefootprint.C.Personalbelongings.D.DamagedDNA.3.Inwhatwayisthenewtech

8、niquesuperiortoDNAtest?A.Servingasevidenceincourts.B.Possessinggeneticinformation.C.Inferringthe