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1、构词法概念引入:Let'sgooutforawalk.我们到外面去散散步吧。Didyoubookaseatontheplane?你订好飞机座位了吗?Wewilltryourbesttobetterourlivingconditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。Theoldinourvillagearelivingahappylife.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。语法讲解:英语构词法种类英语构词法主耍有:合成法,转化法,派生法,混成法,截短法和词首字母缩略法。定义与精讲1・合成:有两个或更多的词合成一个词。复合名词class+room=classroom(名词+名词)blac
2、k+board=blackboard(形容词+名词)复合形容词warm+heart+ed=warmhearted热心肠的good+looking=good-looking相貌好看的world+wide=worldwide世界性的hard+working=hard-working努力工作的复合动词over+come=overcome克服(副词+动词)复合数词fifty+four=fifty-four复合代词everyone,somebody,anything,nobody(不定代词+名词)复合副词down+stairs=downstairs在楼卜(形容词+名词)whole+heart
3、edly=wholeheartedly全神贯注地(副词+副词)2.派生:是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词。happy…unhappydevelop—development前缀:一般只引起意思上的变化而不造成词类的变化,只有少数能引起词类的变化。mis-错误的+understandv.理解■一misunderstandv.误角军en+largeadj.大的一enlargev.扩大后缀:一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变化。carev.照料…carefuladj.细心的workv.工作■―workern.工人常见的前缀(A)表示否定的前缀:un-■-unfair,unhap
4、pynon—-nonsmoker(常用在n.adj.adv.前)in-―inactive(常用在adj.前dis-■一disagree,disappear,dislikeim——impolite,impossible(用在b,p,m开头的词前)(B)・表示错误或失误的前缀:mis・—misunderstand,misdirect(误导)(C)表示两个,双边的前缀:bi-bicolor(双色的),bicycle(D)表示相互,交互,在一起的前缀inter—interview,international,internet(E)表示又,再,重新的前缀re一review,return,re
5、write(F)表示远的前缀tele-telephone,television(G)en-表示“使……”前缀enrich使丰富enlarge使变大(H)multi•表示哆”前缀multicultural多文化的multichannel多渠道的,多频道的(I)kilo■表示“千”前缀kilometer千米kilogram下克常见的后缀动词变名词:-tioneducate—education,invite―invitation,predict■一prediction-mentdevelopment,movement,disappointment-erteacher,worker,run
6、ner,singervisitor,sailor,tutor,actor名词后缀补充:-ist(人,名词后缀)science-・scientist,terror--terrorist-ese(民族,语言,名词后缀)Chinese,Japanese形容词变名词-nessgood一goodness,happy-happiness,busy-business,care一careless-carelessness-ityable—ability,possible-possibility名词变形容词:-y:windy,rainy,healthy,cloudy,funny,sunny-ish:
7、foolish,childish,girlish-some:handsome,troublesome-ous:dangerous,humorous-ful:helpful,careful,peaceful,colorful-less:homeless,helpless,careless,useless-edsurprised,bored,excited.relaxed,interested-ingsurprising,boring,exciting,relaxing,