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1、资本主义制度在欧美最终确立ThecapitalistsystemwasfinallyestablishedinEuropeandAmerica[subjectnotes]InnineteenthCentury60sand70s,thebourgeoisrevolutionandreformmovementinmanypartsoftheworld,theUnitedStates,Germany,Italy,RussiaandJapanandothercountriesthroughdifferentways,embarkedonarapiddevelop
2、mentofthecapitalistroad.Bythistime,itwasassertedthatthecapitalistsystemwasestablishedintheworld・[knowledgecomb]Liberalismtrends:（1）in1820s,bourgeoisrevolutiontookplaceinSpain,Yugoslaviaandgreece・In1830,theFrenchRevolutionofJulyandtheBelgianrevolutionwerethetwovictoriesoftherevolu
3、tion,andin1832theBritishParliamentcarriedoutdemocraticreforms・（2）thebourgeoisdemocraticrevolutionthatbrokeoutthroughoutEuropeinthe1848brokethroughthefeudalforcesinEuropeandcompletelydisintegratedtheViennasystem,whichwasconducivetothefurtherdevelopmentofcapitalism.（3）thereformofse
4、rfdominRussiain1861,andfromthenon,Russiaembarkedontheroadofcapitalistdevelopment・（4）the1861-1865yearsoftheAmericanCivilWar,thesecondbourgeoisrevolution,maintainedtheunityofthestate,abolishedtheserfsystem,andfurthereliminatedtheobstaelestothedevelopmentofcapitalism・（5）themidninete
5、enthCenturybyGermanyandItalydynasticwarscompletedtheunificationofthecountry,embarkedonthepathofcapitalistdevelopment.(6)inthemiddleofnineteenthCentury,JapanembarkedontheroadofcapitalistdevelopmentthroughtheMeijirestoration.Theestablishmentofacapitalistworldsystem:time:midnineteen
6、thCentury.Overview:(1)Italy,Russia,Germany,Italy,Japanandothercountriesthroughreform,dynasticwarsintothecapitalistera,thefurtherdevelopmentofindustrialcapitalisminBritainandFranceandtheUnitedstates・(2)theindustrialrevolutionandenhancetheabilityofthebourgeoisietoconquertheworld,th
7、eworldhasbecomeavastterritoryofcapitalistcountriesofthecolonialandsemicolonialcountries,andpoliticallyindependentbuteconomicallybycapitalistpowersaround(suchasLatinAmericancountries)・⑶thefirstworldeconomiccrisisoccurredin1857,indicatingthatthecapitalistworldmarketwasestablishedin
8、50s・[Focus]Thebasiccausesandcharacterist
