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1、MedicalMicrobiologyDepartmentofMicrobiology,HMU第二篇致病性细菌第14章 埃希菌属Escherichia微生物学教研室张文莉教学大纲熟悉肠道杆菌的共同特征及分类致病性大肠埃希菌的种类和致病机制掌握大肠埃希菌的卫生细菌学检查及其意义了解大肠埃希菌的微生物学检查法DepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversity问题大肠埃希菌与人类健康的关系如何？肠道杆菌的共同特征？DepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMed
2、icalUniversity形态染色0.4-0.7µm1-3µm短杆菌革兰染色阴性有鞭毛有菌毛DepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversityDepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversity培养特性与生化反应兼性厌氧营养要求不高生化反应活泼，发酵多种糖类绝大多数发酵乳糖IMViC试验结果为++--DepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversity大肠埃希菌于普通营养平板培养生长的
3、菌落DepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversity抗原结构O抗原：菌体抗原H抗原：鞭毛抗原K抗原：荚膜抗原O111：K58：H2DepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversity复杂的抗原构造DepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversity致病物质菌毛、定居因子抗原K抗原与侵袭力有关抗吞噬与抗补体的溶菌外毒素肠毒素及溶血毒素内毒素与感染特征和严重程度有关DepartmentofM
4、icrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversity所致疾病肠道外感染泌尿道感染最多见化脓性感染腹泻DepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversity引起腹泻的大肠埃希菌肠产毒型大肠埃希菌enterotoxigenicE.coliETEC肠侵袭型大肠埃希菌enteroinvasiveE.coliEIEC肠致病型大肠埃希菌enteropathogenicE.coliEPEC肠出血型大肠埃希菌enterohemorrhagicE.coliEHEC肠集聚型大肠埃希
5、菌enteroaggregativeE.coliEAggECDepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversity肠产毒素型大肠埃希菌（ETEC）致病物质肠毒素菌毛粘附素内毒素K抗原所致疾病5岁以下婴幼儿腹泻旅游者腹泻DepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversityDepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversityDepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedica
6、lUniversityDepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversity肠侵袭型大肠埃希菌（EIEC）致病物质不产肠毒素，侵袭结肠粘膜上皮细胞所致疾病主要侵犯较大儿童和成人腹泻呈脓血便，有里急后重诊断EIEC无动力、生化反应和抗原结构DepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversityDepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversity肠致病型大肠埃希菌（EPEC）致病物质不产生肠毒素及其
7、他外毒素无侵袭力所致疾病婴幼儿腹泻DepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversity肠出血型大肠埃希菌（EHEC）亦称为vero毒素大肠埃希菌致病物质菌毛：粘附作用毒素：vero毒素所致疾病出血性结肠炎溶血性尿毒综合征DepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversityIntimateAdherenceofEHECtoEpithelialCellsDepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUnive
8、rsityThe“lifecycle”ofE.coliO157:H75-10%prevalenceinanimals40%prevalenceinfarmsDepartmentofMicrobiology,HarbinMedicalUniversity肠集聚型大肠埃希菌EAggEC致病物质毒素粘附素所致疾病引起婴儿持
